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| | *[[Atheism and forced labor]] | | *[[Atheism and forced labor]] |
| | *[[Atheism and slavery]] | | *[[Atheism and slavery]] |
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| − | == Atheism, alcoholism and violence ==
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| − | ''See also:'' [[Atheism and alcoholism]]
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| − | According to the National Institute of Health, "Scientists and nonscientists alike have long recognized a two-way association between alcohol consumption and violent or aggressive behavior."<ref>[http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/aa38.htm Alcohol Alert, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism No. 38 October 1997], National Institute of Health website</ref>
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| − | [[File:04656 market in Sanok.JPG|thumbnail|200px|right|[[Alcoholism]] was a serious social problem in the former atheistic [[Soviet Union]].<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18245818 Hazardous alcohol drinking in the former Soviet Union: a cross-sectional study of eight countries]</ref> Between 1940 and 1980, this [[atheist state]] had the largest increase of the amount of alcohol usage in the developed world.<ref>[http://isw.sagepub.com/content/35/4/441.extract Alcoholism in the Soviet Union]</ref>]]
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| − | At least 100 studies suggests religion has a positive effect on preventing alcohol-related problems, researchers Christopher Ellison, Jennifer Barrett and Benjamin Moulton noted in an article in the ''Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion'' on “Gender, Marital Status, and Alcohol Behavior: The Neglected Role of Religion.”<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-briggs/charlie-sheen-circus-and-_b_836934.html The Doubled-Edged Sword of Religion and Alcoholism]</ref>
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| − | The [[Barna Group]] found that [[atheism|atheists]] and [[agnostics]] in America were more likely, than [[theist]]s in America, to look upon the following behaviors as morally acceptable: excessive drinking; illegal drug use; sexual relationships outside of marriage; [[abortion]]; cohabitating with someone of opposite sex outside of marriage; obscene language; gambling; pornography and obscene sexual behavior; and engaging in [[homosexuality]]/bisexuality.<ref>[http://www.barna.org/barna-update/article/5-barna-update/58-practical-outcomes-replace-biblical-principles-as-the-moral-standard Practical Outcomes Replace Biblical Principles As the Moral Standard]</ref>
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| − | === Atheism and alcoholism ===
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| − | [[File:Europe pol 2004.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|According to the [[World Health Organization]]'s (WHO) regional office in [[Europe]], "The WHO European Region has the highest proportion in the world of total ill health and premature death due to alcohol.<ref name="Who">[http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/alcohol-use/data-and-statistics "Data and statistics"] (September 2014 or bef.). Health topics/Disease prevention/Alcohol use. Retrieved from World Health Organization (WHO)/Regional office for Europe on May 23, 2015.</ref>]]
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| − | ''See also:'' [[Atheism and alcoholism]]
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| − | At least 100 studies suggests religion has a positive effect on preventing alcohol-related problems, researchers Christopher Ellison, Jennifer Barrett and Benjamin Moulton noted in an article in the ''Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion'' on “Gender, Marital Status, and Alcohol Behavior: The Neglected Role of Religion.”<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-briggs/charlie-sheen-circus-and-_b_836934.html The Doubled-Edged Sword of Religion and Alcoholism]</ref>
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| − | Atheists and atheistic cultures often have significant problems with excess alcohol usage (For more information please see: [[Atheism and alcoholism]]).
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| − | === Secular countries/regions and alcoholism ===
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| − | '''Secular Europe:'''
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| − | According to the [[World Health Organization]]'s (WHO) regional office in [[Europe]], "The WHO European Region has the highest proportion in the world of total ill health and premature death due to alcohol.<ref name="Who"/>
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| − | *[[Secular Europe and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Godless Britain and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic France and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic Germany and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic Czech Republic and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic Estonia and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Godless Finland and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic Denmark and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic Netherlands and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic Sweden and alcoholism]]
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| − | '''Australia:'''
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| − | An Australian National Council on Drugs (ANCD) report indicated that 20% of Australians drink at levels putting them at risk of lifetime harm.<ref>Mower, Jane (November 19, 2013). [http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-11-20/alcohol-to-blame-for-one-in-eight-deaths---report/5102594 "One in eight deaths of young Australians attributable to alcohol: National Council on Drugs report"]. Australian Broadcasting Corporation website/News. Retrieved on May 23, 2015.</ref>
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| − | For more information, please see: [[Godless Australia and alcoholism]]
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| − | [[File:Vodka bottle.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|Alcoholism was a serious social problem in the former atheistic [[Soviet Union]].<ref name="Pomerlau">Pomerlau, Joceline, et. al. (May–June 2008). [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18245818 "Hazardous alcohol drinking in the former Soviet Union: A cross-sectional study of eight countries"]. ''Alcohol and Alcoholism'', vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 351-9. Retrieved from PubMed.gov on May 23, 2015.</ref> Between 1940 and 1980, this [[atheist state]] had the largest increase of the amount of alcohol usage in the developed world.<ref name="Anderson">Anderson, Sandra C. and Hibbs, Valerie K. (October 1992). [http://isw.sagepub.com/content/35/4/441.extract "Alcoholism in the Soviet Union" [first page]]. ''International Social Work'', vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 441-53 [fee or registration required for full article]. First page retrieved from Sage journals/International Social Work on May 23, 2015.</ref>]
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| − | '''Asian countries:'''
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| − | *[[Atheistic China and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheistic Japan and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[North Korea and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Nontheistic Thailand and alcoholism]]
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| − | '''History of communism:'''
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| − | Alcoholism was a serious social problem in the former atheistic [[Soviet Union]].<ref name="Pomerlau"/> Between 1940 and 1980, this [[atheist state]] had the largest increase of the amount of alcohol usage in the developed world.<ref name="Anderson"/>
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| − | *[[Soviet Union and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Communist East Germany and alcoholism]]
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| − | === Atheism, alcoholism and anger ===
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| − | [[Atheism, alcoholism and anger]]
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| − | === Irreligion, alcoholism and various generations in the United States ===
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| − | *[[Irreligion, generations in the United States and alcoholism]]
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| − | Recent generations in the United States:
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| − | *[[Irreligion, baby boom generation and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Irreligion, Generation X and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Irreligion, millenials and alcoholism]]
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| − | === American Atheism, gender, race and alcoholism ===
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| − | *[[Atheist Americans, gender and alcoholism]]
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| − | *[[Atheist Americans, race and alcoholism]]
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| | == Notes == | | == Notes == |