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Jury trial amendment (view source)
Revision as of 19:58, September 21, 2021
, 19:58, September 21, 2021→Timeline and details
Under United States law, [[jury trial]]s are guaranteed for alleged violators of civil rights injunctions when punishing for criminal contempt, although not in the circumstance for bringing about civil contempt actions.<ref name=caro/>
Under United States law, [[jury trial]]s are guaranteed for alleged violators of civil rights injunctions when punishing for criminal contempt, although not in the circumstance for bringing about civil contempt actions.<ref name=caro/>
The motivation for [[Wyoming]] Democrat [[Joseph O'Mahoney]] to introduce the amendment was based on Western liberal populist roots.<ref name=caro/> Due to judges having traditionally shut down labor union power in the region, reinforcement and expansion of jury trial rights resonated with liberal Democrats from states in the area.<ref name=caro/>
The amendment passed on August 2, 1957 by a 51–42 vote.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s73 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref> 80% of Democrats voted ''yea'' on weakening the Civil Rights Act of 1957, compared to only 26% of Republicans. The Democrats who ensured the passage of the amendment were '''not''' exclusive to the Southern bloc, as a number of their Northern colleagues (who were largely [[New Deal]] [[liberals]]) including [[Joseph O'Mahoney]], [[Mike Mansfield]], and [[James E. Murray]] supported it. Then-senator [[John F. Kennedy]] of [[Massachusetts]] initially opposed the jury trial amendment, though voted ''yea'' after being lobbied by Johnson.<ref name=kennedysandking/>
The amendment passed on August 2, 1957 by a 51–42 vote.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s73 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref> 80% of Democrats voted ''yea'' on weakening the Civil Rights Act of 1957, compared to only 26% of Republicans. The Democrats who ensured the passage of the amendment were '''not''' exclusive to the Southern bloc, as a number of their Northern colleagues (who were largely [[New Deal]] [[liberals]]) including [[Joseph O'Mahoney]], [[Mike Mansfield]], and [[James E. Murray]] supported it. Then-senator [[John F. Kennedy]] of [[Massachusetts]] initially opposed the jury trial amendment, though voted ''yea'' after being lobbied by Johnson.<ref name=kennedysandking/>