Changes

The motivation for [[Wyoming]] Democrat [[Joseph O'Mahoney]] to introduce the amendment was based on Western liberal populist roots.<ref name=caro/> Due to judges having traditionally shut down labor union power in the region, reinforcement and expansion of jury trial rights resonated with liberal Democrats from states in the area.<ref name=caro/>

The motivation for [[Wyoming]] Democrat [[Joseph O'Mahoney]] to introduce the amendment was based on Western liberal populist roots.<ref name=caro/> Due to judges having traditionally shut down labor union power in the region, reinforcement and expansion of jury trial rights resonated with liberal Democrats from states in the area.<ref name=caro/>

The amendment passed on August 2, 1957 by a 51–42 vote.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s73 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref> 80% of Democrats voted ''yea'' on weakening the Civil Rights Act of 1957, compared to only 26% of Republicans. The Democrats who ensured the passage of the amendment were '''not''' exclusive to the Southern bloc, as a number of their Northern colleagues (who were largely [[New Deal]] [[liberals]]) including [[Joseph O'Mahoney]], [[Mike Mansfield]], and [[James E. Murray]] supported it. Then-senator [[John F. Kennedy]] of [[Massachusetts]] initially opposed the jury trial amendment, though voted ''yea'' after being lobbied by Johnson.<ref name=kennedysandking/>

The amendment passed on August 2, 1957 by a 51–42 vote.<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s73 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO GUARANTEE JURY TRIALS IN ALL CASES OF CRIMINAL CONTEMPT AND PROVIDE UNIFORM METHODS FOR SELECTING FEDERAL COURT JURIES.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref> 80% of Democrats voted ''yea'' on weakening the Civil Rights Act of 1957, compared to only 26% of Republicans. The Democrats who ensured the passage of the amendment were '''not''' exclusive to the Southern bloc, as a number of their Northern colleagues (who were largely [[New Deal]] [[liberals]]) including [[Mike Mansfield]], [[Warren Magnuson]] and [[James E. Murray]] supported it. Then-senator [[John F. Kennedy]] of [[Massachusetts]] initially opposed the jury trial amendment, though voted ''yea'' after being lobbied by Johnson.<ref name=kennedysandking/>

The following table shows the percentage of affirmative votes for the amendment by region and party:<ref group=note>In the table, senators from the states of Kentucky, Oklahoma, Maryland, and West Virginia are not included as being part of the Southern bloc.</ref>

The following table shows the percentage of affirmative votes for the amendment by region and party:<ref group=note>In the table, senators from the states of Kentucky, Oklahoma, Maryland, and West Virginia are not included as being part of the Southern bloc.</ref>