Changes

Following the removal of Title III which authorized additional powers for the [[United States Attorney General]] to seek preventive relief in civil rights cases,<ref>[https://history.house.gov/Historical-Highlights/1951-2000/The-Civil-Rights-Act-of-1957/ The Civil Rights Act of 1957]. ''US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s71 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO DELETE AUTHORITY FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL TO SEEK PREVENTIVE RELIEF IN CIVIL RIGHTS CASES UNDER THE 14TH AMENDMENT.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref> the only remaining strong civil rights provision was Title IV, which covered voting rights. The jury trial amendment aimed to halt any further substantial progress. It required jury trials in all cases of criminal contempt, which in the South would result in a white defendant being acquitted by their segregationist peers in practically any case where they were accused by blacks of violating voting rights.<ref name=kennedysandking/>

Following the removal of Title III which authorized additional powers for the [[United States Attorney General]] to seek preventive relief in civil rights cases,<ref>[https://history.house.gov/Historical-Highlights/1951-2000/The-Civil-Rights-Act-of-1957/ The Civil Rights Act of 1957]. ''US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/85-1957/s71 HR. 6127. CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1957. AMENDMENT TO DELETE AUTHORITY FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL TO SEEK PREVENTIVE RELIEF IN CIVIL RIGHTS CASES UNDER THE 14TH AMENDMENT.]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved August 4, 2021.</ref> the only remaining strong civil rights provision was Title IV, which covered voting rights. The jury trial amendment aimed to halt any further substantial progress. It required jury trials in all cases of criminal contempt, which in the South would result in a white defendant being acquitted by their segregationist peers in practically any case where they were accused by blacks of violating voting rights.<ref name=kennedysandking/>

Under United States law, [[jury trial]]s are guaranteed for alleged violators of civil rights injunctions when punishing for criminal contempt, although not in the circumstance for bringing about civil contempt actions.<ref name=caro/>

Under United States law, [[jury trial]]s are guaranteed for alleged violators of civil rights injunctions when punishing for criminal contempt, although not in the circumstance for bringing about civil contempt actions.<ref name=caro/> However, the introduced amendment guaranteed jury trials even in proceedings pertaining to civil contempt.

The motivation for [[Wyoming]] Democrat [[Joseph O'Mahoney]] to introduce the amendment was based on Western liberal populist roots.<ref name=caro/> Due to judges having traditionally shut down labor union power in the region, reinforcement and expansion of jury trial rights resonated with liberal Democrats from states in the area.<ref name=caro/>

The motivation for [[Wyoming]] Democrat [[Joseph O'Mahoney]] to introduce the amendment was based on Western liberal populist roots.<ref name=caro/> Due to judges having traditionally shut down labor union power in the region, reinforcement and expansion of jury trial rights resonated with liberal Democrats from states in the area.<ref name=caro/>