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==Election of 1944==
==Election of 1944==
During the [[Presidential election of 1944]], on May 23 at a rally in New York's Madison Square hailing the "[[Democratic party|Democratic Coalition]]," Browder announced the birth of the "Communist Political
During the [[Presidential election of 1944]], on May 23 at a rally in New York's Madison Square hailing the "[[Democratic party|Democratic Coalition]]," Browder announced the birth of the "Communist Political Association," which he described as "a non-party organization of the American working class dedicated to the traditions of Washington, Jefferson, Paine, Jackson and Lincoln, under the changed conditions of modern industrial society." <ref>Angela Calomiris, Red Masquerade: Undercover for the FBI, (Philadelphia:Lippincott, 1950), pp. 141-142.</ref>
Association," which he described as "a non-party organization of the American working class dedicated to the traditions of Washington, Jefferson, Paine, Jackson and Lincoln, under the changed conditions of modern industrial society." <ref>Angela Calomiris, Red Masquerade: Undercover for the FBI, (Philadelphia:Lippincott, 1950), pp. 141-142.</ref>
In May of 1944 Raissa Browder, Browder's wife who had entered the United States illegally, was permitted to become a citizen. According to the sworn testimony of ex-Communist Howard Rushmore, State Department and Immigration Service officials insisted upon this at the urgent requests of Secretary of State [[Cordell Hull]] and Mrs. [[Eleanor Roosevelt]]. <ref>US Senate, 81st Congress, 1st Session, Committee on the Judicary, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Immigration and Naturalization, September 14, 1949, Part II, (GPO), p. 785.</ref>
In May of 1944 Raissa Browder, Browder's wife who had entered the United States illegally, was permitted to become a citizen. According to the sworn testimony of ex-Communist Howard Rushmore, State Department and Immigration Service officials insisted upon this at the urgent requests of Secretary of State [[Cordell Hull]] and Mrs. [[Eleanor Roosevelt]]. <ref>US Senate, 81st Congress, 1st Session, Committee on the Judicary, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Immigration and Naturalization, September 14, 1949, Part II, (GPO), p. 785.</ref>
After the war Browder was expelled from CPUSA leadership when the Soviet Union policy shifted. His crime had been to follow Moscow's orders in 1941 and "disband" the party in a show of unity with the U.S. government. But the KGB thought his services worth keeping, and they succeeded in covertly financing him, by setting him up as a representative of Soviet publishers. Even then, that didn't work, as Browder was dropped after violating the Party Line again in favor of [[Titoism]]. Jay Lovestone said of Browder, "There, but for an accident of geography, walks a dead man".
After the war Browder was expelled from CPUSA leadership when the Soviet Union policy shifted. His crime had been to follow Moscow's orders in 1941 and "disband" the party in a show of unity with the U.S. government. But the KGB thought his services worth keeping, and they succeeded in covertly financing him, by setting him up as a representative of Soviet publishers. Even then, that didn't work, as Browder was dropped after violating the Party Line again in favor of [[Titoism]]. Jay Lovestone said of Browder, "There, but for an accident of geography, walks a dead man".
==Browderism and Marxist deviationism==
In a speech delivered on January 17, 1949, which has been reprinted as a pamphlet entitled ''Chinese Lessons for American Marxists,'' Browder points to this distinctiveness of Chinese Communist Party theory, its “exceptionalism” as the reason for its success. He quotes from several of [[Anna Louise Strong]]’s articles in support of his thesis that Mao Tse-tung’s policy has been to develop a particular line for Chinese Communism, to "China-ise Marxism and Leninism." (Page 9.) Browder quotes extensively from ''The Thought of Mao-Tse-tung'' by Anna Louise Strong. Browder was purged for just such an exceptionalist approach in the US.<ref>[http://www.workersliberty.org/system/files/wl3-24.pdf ''How Mao Conquered China,''] Edited by Hal Draper, p. 8 (pdf). Retrieved from WorkersLiberty.org February 23, 2010.</ref>
==See also==
==See also==