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*If, just after the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified, a State had enacted a law imposing racially discriminatory literacy tests (different questions for different races) a citizen prejudiced by such a test would have had no means of asserting his constitutional right to be free of it. Section 5 authorizes Congress to create a cause of action through which the citizen may vindicate his Fourteenth Amendment rights. One of the first pieces of legislation passed under Congress’s §5 power was the Ku Klux Klan Act of April 20, 1871 [http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/02-1667.ZD1.html]
 
*If, just after the Fourteenth Amendment was ratified, a State had enacted a law imposing racially discriminatory literacy tests (different questions for different races) a citizen prejudiced by such a test would have had no means of asserting his constitutional right to be free of it. Section 5 authorizes Congress to create a cause of action through which the citizen may vindicate his Fourteenth Amendment rights. One of the first pieces of legislation passed under Congress’s §5 power was the Ku Klux Klan Act of April 20, 1871 [http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/02-1667.ZD1.html]
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== Scalia Dissent ==
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The article mentions Scalia's dissent in "jurisprudence such as Roe v. Wade," but Scalia wasn't on the Court until 13 years after Roe was decided.  Did whoever put this in included this mean Planned Parenthood v. Casey?
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