Absolute immunity
Absolute immunity protects someone, typically a government official, against a lawsuit for damages, regardless of wrongdoing. Its most common form is absolute judicial immunity.
On July 1, 2024, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the president has absolute immunity for his core constitutional activities.[1]
Judges, while acting within judicial discretion, and prosecutors, while engaging in prosecutorial rather than investigative activities, enjoy absolute immunity.
"This immunity reflects the long-standing 'general principle of the highest importance to the proper administration of justice that a judicial officer, in exercising the authority vested in him, shall be free to act upon his own convictions, without apprehension of personal consequences to himself.'" Olsen v. Idaho State Bd. of Med., 363 F.3d 916, 922 (9th Cir. 2004) (quoting Bradley v. Fisher, 80 U.S. 335, 13 Wall. 335, 347, 20 L. Ed. 646 (1871)).