World History Study Guide to 1648
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List of study terms for World history course final exam.
Regular/non-honors study terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abraham | Aprx. 2000 BC. Father of Jewish people; God made a covenant with him to make his descendants great in number. Arabs claim descendance from Abraham's son Ishmael. |
| Acropolis | Portion of a town or city that is built on a hilltop for easy defense. Best known Acropolis is at Athens, where the democratic assembly met. Most Greek city-states had an Acropolis. |
| Aesop | Ethiopian slave in 600s BC in Greece. Famous for "Aesop's Fables," such as "the fox and the grapes" and "the wolf in sheep's clothing." |
| Alexander the Great | 356 BC - 323 BC. Born to Philip II of Macedon and tutored by Aristotle. Conquered Greece, Egypt, Persia, and more, but turned back at India. Alexander's conquests spread Greek culture and language and helped the future spread of Christianity. |
| Ancient world | Civilized world before the fall of the Roman Empire in AD 476. |
| Archimedes | 287 BC – 212 BC. Greek mathematician and engineer. Discovered Archimedes' Principle, invented "Archimedes' screw," and built defenses against the Romans for his city of Syracuse; killed by the Romans. |
| Aristocracy | "Rule by the best": aristocrats generally wealthy and privileged. European feudal government resembled aristocracy, and some governments in ancient Greece were aristocracies. |
| Aristotle | 384 to 322 BC. Greek philosopher, student of Plato and tutor to Alexander the Great. Focused on experience with the physical world; studied biology and founded a school, the Lyceum, resembling a university with specimens and a library. |
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