Academic dishonesty
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Academic dishonesty is academic misconduct which violates the principles of academic integrity. For students, this primarily means cheating on a test - pretending you've learned more than you really have. For researchers, this generally refers to intellectual dishonesty, such as knowingly presenting an unsound argument in favor of a proposition for ideological reasons.
Scientists unknowing drift academic dishonesty by incorrectly assuming that a small sample represents the whole (see statistical sampling). The pressures of the "publish or perish" mindset may drive some scientists to such deliberate acts as:
- faking research to support a theory (see "fudging")
- discarding data which contradict a theory
- character assassination of scientists who advance competing theories
- refusing to make data available for review by interested parties (See Richard Lenski for an example)