First Battle of Winchester

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First Battle of Winchester
Bowers Hill

Began:

May 25, 1862

Ended:

Same day

Location:

Frederick County and
City of Winchester, Virginia

Theater:

Eastern Theater

Campaign:

Jackson’s Shenandoah Valley Campaign

Outcome:

Confederate victory

Combatants

Department of the Shenandoah
One division, additional attached units

Department of the Valley
Two divisions

Commanders

Nathaniel P. Banks
Major General, USA

Thomas J. Jackson
Major General, CSA

Strength

6,500

16,000

Casualties

2,019

400

After skirmishing with Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks's retreating army at Middletown and Newtown on May 24, Maj. Gen. T.J. Jackson's division continued north on the Valley Pike toward Winchester. There, Banks was attempting to reorganize his army to defend the town. Ewell's division converged on Winchester from the southeast using the Front Royal Pike. On May 25, Ewell attacked Camp Hill, while the Louisiana Brigade of Jackson's division outflanked and overran the Union position on Bowers Hill. Panic spread through the Federal ranks, and many fled through Winchester. Banks's army was soundly defeated and withdrew north across the Potomac River. This was a decisive battle in Jackson's Valley Campaign. (NPS summary)

v • d • e Major General Thomas J. Jackson's Shenandoah Valley Campaign, March-June 1862

1st Kernstown -- McDowell -- Princeton Court House -- Front Royal -- 1st Winchester -- Cross Keys -- Port Republic

v • d • e Battles of the American Civil War: 1862

Eastern Theater	Cockpit Point -- Hancock -- Roanoke Island -- Elizabeth City -- New Bern -- Fort Macon -- 1st Kernstown -- Hampton Roads -- Yorktown -- South Mills -- Williamsburg -- Eltham's Landing -- McDowell -- Princeton Court House -- Drewry’s Bluff -- Front Royal -- 1st Winchester -- Hanover Court House -- Seven Pines -- Tranter's Creek -- Cross Keys -- Port Republic -- Oak Grove -- Beaver Dam Creek -- Gaines' Mill -- Garnett's and Golding's Farms -- Savage's Station -- Glendale -- White Oak Swamp -- Malvern Hill -- Cedar Mountain -- 1st Rappahannock Station -- Manassas Station Operations -- Thoroughfare Gap -- 2nd Bull Run -- Chantilly -- Harpers Ferry -- South Mountain -- Antietam -- Shepherdstown -- Fredericksburg -- Kinston -- White Hall -- Goldsborough Bridge

Western Theater	Middle Creek -- Mill Springs -- Fort Henry -- Fort Donelson -- Island Number Ten -- 1st Memphis -- Shiloh -- Siege of Corinth -- 1st Chattanooga -- 1st Murfreesboro -- Richmond, KY -- Munfordville -- Iuka -- Corinth -- Hatchie's Bridge -- Perryville -- Hartsville -- Jackson, TN -- Chickasaw Bayou -- Parker's Cross Roads -- Stones River

Trans-Mississippi Theater	Roan's Tan Yard -- Valverde -- Pea Ridge -- Glorieta Pass -- Stanwix Station -- Albuquerque -- Peralta -- Picacho Pass -- Dragoon Springs -- Saint Charles -- Cotton Plant -- Apache Pass -- Moore’s Mill -- Kirksville -- Compton's Ferry -- 1st Independence, MO -- 1st Sabine Pass -- 1st Galveston -- Lone Jack -- 1st Newtonia -- Old Fort Wayne -- Island Mound -- Clark's Mill -- Cane Hill -- Prairie Grove

Lower Seaboard Theater	Fort Pulaski -- Forts Jackson and St. Philip -- New Orleans -- Secessionville -- Simmon's Bluff -- Tampa -- Baton Rouge -- 1st Donaldsonville -- Saint John's Bluff -- Georgia Landing