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Line 1: − + + − + − KJV was translated from ''[[Textus Receptus]]'', a Greek published in the 16th century.<ref>The Greek reads: − <blockquote>ὅτι τρεῖς εἰσιν οἱ μαρτυροῦντες '''ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ὁ Πατήρ, ὁ Λόγος, καὶ τὸ Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα· καὶ οὗτοι οἱ τρεῖς ἔν εἰσι. 8 καὶ τρεῖς εἰσιν οἱ μαρτυροῦντες ἐν τῇ γῇ''' τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ τὸ αἷμα, καὶ οἱ τρεῖς εἰς τὸ ἕν εἰσιν. (1 John 5:7-8)</blockquote></ref> Erasmus, the editor of this text, cited only one Greek manuscript of recent origin to support the passage. Here is the equivalent passage in the [[English Standard Version]], a modern translation based on the earliest known manuscripts: − − + − + + − Although the support for it is extremely weak in the Greek manuscripts, the readers of ''Textus Receptus'' expected this passage to be included because it is well-known from the [[Vulgate]]. The Trinity was the subject of great controversy in the 4th century, yet Johannine Comma is not cited by any Greek writer of that time.<ref name=Metzger> Bruce M. Metzger, ''A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament,'' (2nd ed. 1993) [http://www.bible-researcher.com/comma.html online]</ref> It first appears in the heretical Latin treatise ''Liber Apologeticus'' (4th century).<ref name=Metzger /> Here it given as a gloss of the text, not attributed to scripture. Moreover, the passage is not given in the earliest Vulgate manuscripts, Codex Fuldensis (541-546) and Codex Amiatinus (before 716).<ref name=Metzger />+
reorder
The '''Johannine Comma''' (Latin: ''Comma Johanneum'') is a passage affirming the [[Trinity]] that appears in the [[King James Version]]. ''Comma'' means "short passage" in Latin. The passage, which many scholars have questioned, is given below, with the problematic portion in bold:
The '''Johannine Comma''' (Latin: ''Comma Johanneum'') is a passage affirming the [[Trinity]] that appears in the [[King James Version]], but not in most modern translations.<ref>"[http://www.tektonics.org/af/comma.html Is 1 John 5:7 Authentic?]", Tekton</ref> ''Comma'' means "short passage" in Latin. The passage is translated from ''[[Textus Receptus]]'', a Greek text published in the 16th century.<ref>The Greek reads:
<blockquote>ὅτι τρεῖς εἰσιν οἱ μαρτυροῦντες '''ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ὁ Πατήρ, ὁ Λόγος, καὶ τὸ Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα· καὶ οὗτοι οἱ τρεῖς ἔν εἰσι. 8 καὶ τρεῖς εἰσιν οἱ μαρτυροῦντες ἐν τῇ γῇ''' τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ τὸ αἷμα, καὶ οἱ τρεῖς εἰς τὸ ἕν εἰσιν. (1 John 5:7-8)</blockquote></ref> Here is the passage in question as given by KJV and by the [[English Standard Version]], a modern translation that uses a text based on the earliest known manuscripts:
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
For there are three that bear record '''in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness in earth''', the Spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one.<ref>1 John 5:7-8 KJV</ref>
For there are three that bear record '''''in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. And there are three that bear witness in earth''''', the Spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one. (KJV)<ref>1 John 5:7-8 KJV</ref>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
For there are three that testify: the Spirit and the water and the blood; and these three agree.<ref>1 John 5:7-8 ESV</ref>
For there are three that testify: the Spirit and the water and the blood; and these three agree. (ESV)<ref>1 John 5:7-8 ESV</ref></blockquote>
</blockquote>
''Textus Receptus'' cites only one Greek manuscript of late origin to support the passage. Despite such weak support, the readers of ''Textus Receptus'' expected the Comma to be included because it is well-known from the [[Vulgate]].
The Trinity was the subject of great controversy in the 4th century, yet the Comma is not cited by any Greek writer of that time.<ref name=Metzger> Bruce M. Metzger, ''A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament,'' (2nd ed. 1993) [http://www.bible-researcher.com/comma.html online]</ref> It appears in the heretical 4th century Latin treatise ''Liber Apologeticus'', but only as a gloss.<ref name=Metzger /> Moreover, the passage is not given in the earliest Vulgate manuscripts, Codex Fuldensis (AD 541-546) and Codex Amiatinus (before 716).<ref name=Metzger /> The Comma may have originated as an annotation in Spanish manuscripts. When scribes neglected the format of the text they were copying from, they could insert an annotation into scripture.
==References==
==References==