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Translations may be classified as either conservative or liberal depending on how they present these passages. The [[King James Version]] (1611), the [[New International Version]] (1978), and the [[English Standard Version]] (2001) use ''sensus plenior''. The [[Revised Standard Version]] (1952) and the [[New Revised Standard Version]] (1989) ignore New Testament interpretations and translate Hebrew text from a Jewish perspective.

Translations may be classified as either conservative or liberal depending on how they present these passages. The [[King James Version]] (1611), the [[New International Version]] (1978), and the [[English Standard Version]] (2001) use ''sensus plenior''. The [[Revised Standard Version]] (1952) and the [[New Revised Standard Version]] (1989) ignore New Testament interpretations and translate Hebrew text from a Jewish perspective.

NRSV is the Bible translation preferred in secular and academic study, but it is rarely used by Christians. It gives the intentional sense of the Hebrew. ESV is also a revision of RSV, but it is intended for use by Evangelicals. Its translations restore traditional Christian understandings. The authors of the New Testament were generally more familiar with the [[Septuagint]], a Greek translation of the Old Testament, than with the Hebrew original.

NRSV is the Bible translation preferred in secular and academic study.<ref>NRSV is used in ''[http://www.amazon.com/New-Oxford-Annotated-Bible-Apocrypha/dp/0195289609/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8& The New Oxford Annotated Bible with Apocrypha]'' (2010). This has "ecumenical" annotations appropriate for secular Bible study. It is currently Amazon's No. 1 religious book.</ref> It gives the intentional sense of the Hebrew. ESV is also a revision of RSV, but it is intended for use by Evangelicals.<ref>ESV is used in ''[http://www.amazon.com/Scofield-Study-English-Standard-Version/dp/0195278755/ref=sr_1_2?s=books&ie=UTF8& The Scofield Study Bible III]'' (2006), a renowned Christian-oriented study Bible.</ref> Its translations restore traditional Christian understandings. The authors of the New Testament were generally more familiar with the [[Septuagint]], a Greek translation of the Old Testament, than with the Hebrew original.

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As you can see from the chart, Matthew quoted the version of Isaiah's prophecy given in the Septuagint. In Acts, Peter also quotes from the Septuagint rather than from the Hebrew. In the case of Genesis 22:17, ESV's "gate of his enemies" is a literal translation. The grammar is smoothed over in NRSV.<ref>[https://bible.org/article/plain-senses-scripture-questioning-interpretive-singularity-galatians-3-and-romans-4 The Plain Sense(s) of Scripture: Questioning interpretive singularity in Galatians 3 and Romans 4].</ref>

As you can see from the chart, Matthew quoted the version of Isaiah's prophecy given in the Septuagint. In Acts, Peter also quotes from the Septuagint rather than from the Hebrew. In the case of Genesis 22:17, ESV's "gate of his enemies" is a literal translation. The grammar is smoothed over in NRSV.<ref>[https://bible.org/article/plain-senses-scripture-questioning-interpretive-singularity-galatians-3-and-romans-4 The Plain Sense(s) of Scripture: Questioning interpretive singularity in Galatians 3 and Romans 4].</ref>

The human author of Psalms intended "O God" as a deification of the king. Paul interpreted it as a reference to Jesus. RSV gave this passage as, "'''Your divine throne''' endures for ever and ever."<ref>{{bibleverse||Psalm|45:6|ESV}}</ref> This applied a modern Jewish perspective according to which no human can be deified. Both NRSV and ESV restore the traditional Christian sense of the passage.

The human author of Psalms intended "O God" as a deification of the king. Paul interpreted it as a reference to Jesus. RSV gave this passage as, "'''Your divine throne''' endures for ever and ever."<ref>{{bibleverse||Psalm|45:6|ESV}}</ref> This imposes a modern Jewish perspective according to which no human can be deified. Both NRSV and ESV restore the traditional Christian sense of the passage.

==References==

==References==

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