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President [[Woodrow Wilson]], a Democrat, used World War I as a pretext to impose his "progressive" agenda, including increased federal economic control. Americans reacted by voting for Harding and "normalcy" in 1920. The election of 1924 was the "high tide" of American conservatism, with both major party nominees for president espousing conservative views.<ref>Tucker III, Garland S., ''The High Tide of American Conservatism: Davis, Coolidge and the 1924 Election'' (2010)</ref> The 1920s was also a golden age of conservative writing. Irving Babbitt wrote the classic ''Democracy and Leadership'' (1924), while H. L. Mencken edited ''The American Mercury''.

President [[Woodrow Wilson]], a Democrat, used World War I as a pretext to impose his "progressive" agenda, including increased federal economic control. Americans reacted by voting for Harding and "normalcy" in 1920. The election of 1924 was the "high tide" of American conservatism, with both major party nominees for president espousing conservative views.<ref>Tucker III, Garland S., ''The High Tide of American Conservatism: Davis, Coolidge and the 1924 Election'' (2010)</ref> The 1920s was also a golden age of conservative writing. Irving Babbitt wrote the classic ''Democracy and Leadership'' (1924), while H. L. Mencken edited ''The American Mercury''.

The Democratic Party returned to liberal control when New York governor Al Smith was nominated for president in 1928. Deflationary policies initiated by the Federal Reserve led to a depression under President Hoover (1929-1934). In 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt, a Democrat, wisely allowed a banking panic to run its course. A recovery of historic proportions follow, and liberalism received the credit. Roosevelt was overwhelmingly reelected in 1936 with a huge Congressional majority. In 1937, America suffered under its most left-wing government ever. There was a wave a labor unrest as the unions attempted gain control of industry with federal support. The economy slipped into the "Roosevelt depression" (1937-1938) that was as bad as anything under Hoover. At the end of the year, southern Democrats defected from Roosevelt's coalition to form the "Conservative Coalition" with Republican and the "Second New Deal" was aborted. This coalition dominated Congress until 1961.

The Democratic Party returned to liberal control when New York governor Al Smith was nominated for president in 1928. Deflationary policies initiated by the Federal Reserve led to a depression under President Hoover (1929-1934). In 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt, a Democrat, wisely allowed a banking panic to run its course. A recovery of historic proportions follow, and liberalism received the credit. Roosevelt was overwhelmingly reelected in 1936 with a huge Congressional majority. In 1937, America suffered under its most left-wing government ever. There was a wave a labor unrest as the unions attempted gain control of industry with federal support. The economy slipped into the "Roosevelt depression" (1937-1938) that was as bad as anything under Hoover. At the end of the year, southern Democrats defected from Roosevelt's coalition to form the "Conservative Coalition" with Republicans and the "Second New Deal" was aborted. This coalition dominated Congress until 1961.

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