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The '''Welfare State''' is typically associated with rich nations such as [[Canada]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Japan]] and many more. This is not to be confused with Socialism.

The '''Welfare State''' is typically associated with rich nations such as the [[United States]], [[Canada]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Japan]] and many more. This is not to be confused with [[Socialism]].

The welfare state is the package of benefits that the unemployed, sick or indigent population receive for free from the national government.  These benefits typically include various forms of National Health Care, wherein health care, hospital treatment and medications are provided free of charge by the State; unemployment benefits that a basic income for the unemployed, and other benefits.

The welfare state is the package of benefits that the unemployed, sick or indigent population receive for free from the national government.  These benefits typically include various forms of National Health Care, wherein health care, hospital treatment and medications are provided free of charge by the State; unemployment benefits that a basic income for the unemployed, and other benefits.

==History==

==History==

The welfare state was originally designed by European traditionalists, such as [[Otto von Bismark]] in Germany and [[Winston Churchill]] in Britain, to head off State Capitalist proposals to regulate and tax industry.

The welfare state was originally designed by European traditionalists, such as [[Otto von Bismark]] in Germany and [[Winston Churchill]] in Britain, to head off State Capitalist proposals to regulate and tax industry.

===New Deal===

===New Deal===

The welfare programs in the U.S. are distinctly smaller and less costly than in Europe.  They were first set up by the [[New Deal]] in the 1930s, especially [[Social Security]] and [[Unemployment insurance]]. [[Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]] were added in 1965. Republican President [[George W. Bush]] added a major drug benefit in 2002.

The welfare programs in the U.S. are distinctly smaller and less costly than in Europe.  They were first set up by the [[New Deal]] in the 1930s, especially [[Social Security]] and [[Unemployment insurance]]. [[Medicare]] and [[Medicaid]] were added in 1965. Republican President [[George W. Bush]] added a major drug benefit in 2002.

===Reform===

===Reform===

The major U.S. welfare reduction came in 1996, when President [[Bill Clinton]] and House Speaker [[Newt Gingrich]] (the leading conservative of the era), formed a coalition to pass the [[Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996]]. It ended the generous benefits to welfare mothers and require them to take jobs.  The change enacted were implemented and reauthorized during the Bush administration. They involved the move away from cash assistance and toward social services or work activity assistance.<ref> Scott W. Allard, "The Changing Face of Welfare During the Bush Administration," ''Publius: the Journal of Federalism'' 2007 37(3): 304-332 in [[EBSCO]]</ref>   

The major U.S. welfare reduction came in 1996, when President [[Bill Clinton]] and House Speaker [[Newt Gingrich]] (the leading conservative of the era), formed a coalition to pass the [[Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996]]. It ended the generous benefits to welfare mothers and require them to take jobs.  The change enacted were implemented and reauthorized during the Bush administration. They involved the move away from cash assistance and toward social services or work activity assistance.<ref> Scott W. Allard, "The Changing Face of Welfare During the Bush Administration," ''Publius: the Journal of Federalism'' 2007 37(3): 304-332 in [[EBSCO]]</ref>   

The leading conservative opponent in the U.S. is [[Charles Murray]].

The leading conservative opponent in the U.S. is [[Charles Murray]].

==External links==

==External links==

* Murray, Charles. ''In Our Hands : A Plan To Replace The Welfare State'' (2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Our-Hands-Replace-Welfare-State/dp/0844742236/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]

* Murray, Charles. ''In Our Hands : A Plan To Replace The Welfare State'' (2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Our-Hands-Replace-Welfare-State/dp/0844742236/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]

* Trattner, Walter I. ''From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America'' (6th ed. 1998), standard scholarly history [http://www.amazon.com/Poor-Law-Welfare-State-6th/dp/0684854716/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]

* Trattner, Walter I. ''From Poor Law to Welfare State: A History of Social Welfare in America'' (6th ed. 1998), standard scholarly history [http://www.amazon.com/Poor-Law-Welfare-State-6th/dp/0684854716/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256564113&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]

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==References==

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[[Category:Welfare State]]

[[Category:Welfare State]]