Changes

==Family==

==Family==

Van Buren was born at Kinderhook, a Dutch town in upstate New York. He was the third child of Abraham Van Buren, a farmer, tavern owner and political activist, and Maria Hoes Van Buren, both of Dutch stock.  Martin was bilingual in Dutch and English, and attended local English schools until he left at age 14 to be a clerk and law apprentice in New York City.  Admitted to the bar in 1803, he returned to Kinderhook, where he practiced law until 1821 and gained a reputation as a shrewd politician. In 1807 he married Hannah Hoes, by whom he had four sons before her death in 1819. He did not remarry.  Van Buren displayed the qualities of a successful politician. He was able, honest, energetic, imaginative and a glad-hander.  A small man, standing no more than five and a half feet (168 cm) tall, he was always impeccably dressed, unruffled, and considerate to friend or foe.  

Van Buren was born at Kinderhook, a Dutch town in upstate New York. He was the third child of Abraham Van Buren, a farmer, tavern owner and political activist, and Maria Hoes Van Buren, both of Dutch stock.  Martin was bilingual in Dutch and English, and attended local English schools until he left at age 14 to be a clerk and law apprentice in New York City.  Admitted to the bar in 1803, he returned to Kinderhook, where he practiced law until 1821 and gained a reputation as a shrewd politician. In 1807 he married Hannah Hoes, by whom he had four sons before her death in 1819. He did not remarry.  Van Buren displayed the qualities of a successful politician. He was able, honest, energetic, imaginative and a glad-hander.  A small man, standing no more than five and a half feet (168 cm) tall, he was always impeccably dressed, unruffled, and considerate to friend or foe.  

==Republican leader==

==Republican leader==

* Cole, Donald B. ''Martin Van Buren and the American Political System'' (1984),  

* Cole, Donald B. ''Martin Van Buren and the American Political System'' (1984),  

* Curtis. James C. ''The Fox at Bay: Martin Van Buren and the Presidency, 1837-1841''  (1970),  

* Curtis. James C. ''The Fox at Bay: Martin Van Buren and the Presidency, 1837-1841''  (1970),  

* Curtis. James C. "In the Shadow of Old Hickory: The Political Travail of Martin Van Buren," ''Journal of the Early Republic,'' Vol. 1, No. 3 (Autumn, 1981), pp. 249-267 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3123035  in JSTOR]

* Curtis. James C. "In the Shadow of Old Hickory: The Political Travail of Martin Van Buren," ''Journal of the Early Republic,'' Vol. 1, No. 3 (Autumn, 1981), pp. 249–267 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3123035  in JSTOR]

* Gunderson. Robert G. ''The Log Cabin Campaign'' (1957), on 1840 campaign

* Gunderson. Robert G. ''The Log Cabin Campaign'' (1957), on 1840 campaign

* Harrison, Jr. Joseph Hobson. "Martin Van Buren and His Southern Supporters," ''Journal of Southern History,''  Vol. 22, No. 4 (Nov., 1956), pp. 438-458 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2954641 in JSTOR]

* Harrison, Jr. Joseph Hobson. "Martin Van Buren and His Southern Supporters," ''Journal of Southern History,''  Vol. 22, No. 4 (Nov., 1956), pp. 438–458 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2954641 in JSTOR]

* Morison, Michael A. "Martin Van Buren, the Democracy, and the Partisan Politics of Texas Annexation," ''Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 61, No. 4 (Nov., 1995), pp. 695-724 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2211431 in JSTOR]

* Morison, Michael A. "Martin Van Buren, the Democracy, and the Partisan Politics of Texas Annexation," ''Journal of Southern History,'' Vol. 61, No. 4 (Nov., 1995), pp. 695–724 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2211431 in JSTOR]

* Niven, John. ''Martin Van Buren: The Romantic Age of American Politics'' (1983)

* Niven, John. ''Martin Van Buren: The Romantic Age of American Politics'' (1983)

* Rayback, Joseph G. "Martin Van Buren's Desire for Revenge in the Campaign of 1848", ''Mississippi Valley Historical Review,'' Vol. 40, No. 4 (Mar., 1954), pp. 707-716 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1895864 in JSTOR]

* Rayback, Joseph G. "Martin Van Buren's Desire for Revenge in the Campaign of 1848", ''Mississippi Valley Historical Review,'' Vol. 40, No. 4 (Mar., 1954), pp. 707–716 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1895864 in JSTOR]

* Remini, Robert. ''Martin Van Buren and the Making of the Democratic Party'' (1959). [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=100692541 online edition]

* Remini, Robert. ''Martin Van Buren and the Making of the Democratic Party'' (1959). [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=100692541 online edition]

* Shade, William G. "'The Most Delicate and Exciting Topics': Martin Van Buren, Slavery, and the Election of 1836", ''Journal of the Early Republic,'' Vol. 18, No. 3 (Autumn, 1998), pp. 459-484 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3124674 in JSTOR]

* Shade, William G. "'The Most Delicate and Exciting Topics': Martin Van Buren, Slavery, and the Election of 1836", ''Journal of the Early Republic,'' Vol. 18, No. 3 (Autumn, 1998), pp. 459–484 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3124674 in JSTOR]

* Silbey, Joel H.  ''Martin Van Buren and the Emergence of American Popular Politics.''  2002. 237 pp.  [http://www.h-net.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=169851061432666 online review]

* Silbey, Joel H.  ''Martin Van Buren and the Emergence of American Popular Politics.''  2002. 237 pp.  [http://www.h-net.msu.edu/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=169851061432666 online review]

* Wilson. Major. ''The Presidency of Martin Van Buren'' (1984),  

* Wilson. Major. ''The Presidency of Martin Van Buren'' (1984),  

* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/pol-gl.htm#F. American Political History Online] links

* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/pol-gl.htm#F. American Political History Online] links

* [http://dig.lib.niu.edu/message/ps-list.html Michael Holt, ''The Second American Party System''], short topical essays

* [http://dig.lib.niu.edu/message/ps-list.html Michael Holt, ''The Second American Party System''], short topical essays

* [[http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/vanburen Online essays by scholars, sponsored by U. of Virginia]]

* [http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/vanburen Online essays by scholars, sponsored by U. of Virginia]

====notes====

====notes====

<references/>

<references/>

[[Category:Democratic Party]]

[[Category:Democratic Party]]

[[Category:New York Governors]]

[[Category:New York Governors]]

[[category:Jacksonian Democracy]]

[[Category:Jacksonian Democracy]]

[[Category:Democratic Governors]]

[[Category:Democratic Governors]]