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János's son, King [[Matthias Corvinus of Hungary|Matthias Corvinus]], ruled the Kingdom of Hungary from [[1458]] to [[1490]]. He strengthened Hungary and its government: under his rule, Hungary became an important artistic and [[Cultural center|cultural centre]] of Europe during the [[Renaissance]]. Matthias, whose wife was [[Italy|Italian]], imported artisans from Italy and France. Likewise, [[Culture of Hungary|Hungarian culture]] influenced others--for example, the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. King [[Matthias Corvinus of Hungary|Matthias Corvinus]] was also successful in many battles against the [[Ottoman Empire]].
János's son, King [[Matthias Corvinus of Hungary|Matthias Corvinus]], ruled the Kingdom of Hungary from [[1458]] to [[1490]]. He strengthened Hungary and its government: under his rule, Hungary became an important artistic and [[Cultural center|cultural centre]] of Europe during the [[Renaissance]]. Matthias, whose wife was [[Italy|Italian]], imported artisans from Italy and France. Likewise, [[Culture of Hungary|Hungarian culture]] influenced others--for example, the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. King [[Matthias Corvinus of Hungary|Matthias Corvinus]] was also successful in many battles against the [[Ottoman Empire]].
===Ottomans===
The forthcoming two centuries were dominated by constant warfare against the [[Ottoman Empire]]. The Ottomans gained a decisive victory over the Hungarian army at the [[battle of Mohács]] in [[1526]]. The next decades were characterised by political chaos; the divided Hungarian nobility elected two kings simultaneously, [[Ferdinand Habsburg]] (1526-1540) and [[János Szapolyai]] (1526-1540), whose armed conflicts weakened the country further. After the conquest of [[Buda]] by the Ottomans in 1541, the Kingdom of Hungary came to be divided into three parts: one third of Hungary fell under Ottoman rule; one third (in the West) remained under [[Habsburg]] rule [[Kings of Hungary]]); and the third part, in the east (originally supporting János Szapolyai), remained independent (the Principality of [[Transylvania]]) and subsequently become a semi-independent, vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. It was only more than 150 years later, at the end of the [[17th century|seventeenth century]], that Austria and its Christian allies regained the territories of the Kingdom from the Ottoman Empire.