Changes

In order to produce ethanol from starchy materials such as [[cereal grain]]s, the starch must first be broken down into sugars.  In brewing [[beer]], this has traditionally been accomplished allowing the grain to germinate, or [[malt]].  In the process of germination, the seed produces [[enzyme]]s that can break its starches into sugars.   

In order to produce ethanol from starchy materials such as [[cereal grain]]s, the starch must first be broken down into sugars.  In brewing [[beer]], this has traditionally been accomplished allowing the grain to germinate, or [[malt]].  In the process of germination, the seed produces [[enzyme]]s that can break its starches into sugars.   

Ethanol is also produced by the catalytic hydration of [[ethylene]]. Crude oil is catalytically 'cracked' to ethylene and the ethylene is chemically combined with water at high temperatures with an acid catalyst. This process is actually cheaper than fermentation, but has become less common as ethanol produced from corn is heavily subsidized by the federal government.

Ethanol is also produced by the catalytic hydration of [[ethylene]]. Crude oil is catalytically 'cracked' to ethylene and the ethylene is chemically combined with water at high temperatures with an acid [[catalyst]]. This process is actually cheaper than fermentation, but has become less common as ethanol produced from corn is heavily subsidized by the federal government.

==Co-products==

==Co-products==