SkipCaptcha
1,101
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 1:
Line 1: − + Line 13:
Line 13: − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
no edit summary
'''Exodus''' [Hebrew:'''שמות'''] chronicles the bondage, oppression and [[slavery]] of the Jewish people in [[Egypt]] after [[Joseph]] dies and a new pharaoh comes to power whom did not know Joseph before. [[Moses]], whom God uses to guide the Jewish peoples out of Israel, enters Egypt to warn pharaoh to let his people go, but pharaoh refuses. Moses therefore, with God's power, releases 10 plagues over the Egyptians, and after the death of his son, pharaoh finally allows the Jewish people to leave Egypt under Moses. As Moses and his people are leaving, pharaoh changes his mind and commands that the Jewish people be pursued with the army of Egypt, however God opens up the [[Red Sea]] for Moses, allowing the Jewish people to flee, and pharaohs army is destroyed in the Red Sea after the Jewish people escape from it. Moses then delivers God's laws to the Jewish people, including the [[Ten Commandments]], as well as giving them the [[Tabernacle]], priest and worship instructions.
The '''Book of Exodus''' [Hebrew:'''שמות'''] chronicles the bondage, oppression and [[slavery]] of the Jewish people in [[Egypt]] after [[Joseph]] dies and a new pharaoh comes to power whom did not know Joseph before. [[Moses]], whom God uses to guide the Jewish peoples out of Israel, enters Egypt to warn pharaoh to let his people go, but pharaoh refuses. Moses therefore, with God's power, releases 10 plagues over the Egyptians, and after the death of his son, pharaoh finally allows the Jewish people to leave Egypt under Moses. As Moses and his people are leaving, pharaoh changes his mind and commands that the Jewish people be pursued with the army of Egypt, however God opens up the [[Red Sea]] for Moses, allowing the Jewish people to flee, and pharaohs army is destroyed in the Red Sea after the Jewish people escape from it. Moses then delivers God's laws to the Jewish people, including the [[Ten Commandments]], as well as giving them the [[Tabernacle]], priest and worship instructions.
The Book of Exodus is part of the [[Torah]] (otherwise known as the [[Pentateuch]]) and is the second book of the [[Bible]] in the [[Old Testament]]. As part of the first five books of the Bible, it is traditionally attributed authorship to [[Moses]].
The Book of Exodus is part of the [[Torah]] (otherwise known as the [[Pentateuch]]) and is the second book of the [[Bible]] in the [[Old Testament]]. As part of the first five books of the Bible, it is traditionally attributed authorship to [[Moses]].
== Authorship ==
== Authorship ==
[[Moses]] is attributed as the author of the [[Torah]] in the Book of Exodus itself in Exodus 17:14, 24:4, 34:27-28, as well as in throughout the rest of the [[Torah]] in Numbers 32:2; Deuteronomy 1:1, 31:9, 31:22. D.K. Stuart, a well respected Old Testament scholar and author of a major commentary on the Book of Exodus states "These references to Mosaic authorship are substantial."<ref>Stuart, Douglas K. Exodus. Vol. 2. B&H Publishing Group, 2006, pp. 32-33</ref> The rest of the Old Testament also attests to Mosaic authorship over the Torah in Joshua 1:7, 8:32, 12:5; 1 Kings 2:3; 2 Kings 14:6, 23:25; Malachi 3:22; Daniel 9:11, 9:13; Ezra 3:2, 7:6; Nehemiah 8:1, 9:14; 2 Chronicles 23:18, 25:4, 30:16, 35:12, as well as the New Testament in Luke 2:22, 24:44; John 7:19; Acts 13:39, 15:5, 28:23; 1 Corinthians 9:9. Later Jewish historians, such as [[Josephus]] living in the first century AD further attribute Mosaic authorship to the Torah.<ref>Josephus, Flavius. The Works of Flavius Josephus. G. Routledge, 1873, p. 27</ref> The biblical references to the authorship of Moses over the Torah, both within and outside of the Torah are rather plenteous and more then enough to establish Moses as the historical author of these books.
[[Moses]] is attributed as the author of the [[Torah]] in the Book of Exodus itself in Exodus 17:14, 24:4, 34:27-28, as well as in throughout the rest of the [[Torah]] in Numbers 32:2; Deuteronomy 1:1, 31:9, 31:22. D.K. Stuart, a well respected Old Testament scholar and author of a major commentary on the Book of Exodus states "These references to Mosaic authorship are substantial."<ref>Stuart, Douglas K. Exodus. Vol. 2. B&H Publishing Group, 2006, pp. 32-33</ref> The rest of the Old Testament also attests to Mosaic authorship over the Torah in Joshua 1:7, 8:32, 12:5; 1 Kings 2:3; 2 Kings 14:6, 23:25; Malachi 3:22; Daniel 9:11, 9:13; Ezra 3:2, 7:6; Nehemiah 8:1, 9:14; 2 Chronicles 23:18, 25:4, 30:16, 35:12, as well as the [[New Testament]] in Luke 2:22, 24:44; John 7:19; Acts 13:39, 15:5, 28:23; 1 Corinthians 9:9. Later Jewish historians, such as [[Josephus]] living in the first century AD further attribute Mosaic authorship to the Torah.<ref>Josephus, Flavius. The Works of Flavius Josephus. G. Routledge, 1873, p. 27</ref> The biblical references to the authorship of Moses over the Torah, both within and outside of the Torah are rather plenteous and more then enough to establish Moses as the historical author of these books.
== Events ==
The Book of Exodus contains many largely important events, including the [[Exodus of Israel]] out of Egypt, and where God delivers the [[Ten Commandments]]. Many of these important messages are reiterated throughout the rest of the [[Old Testament]] as well as the [[New Testament]], even by [[Jesus Christ]] Himself.
=== Ten Plagues ===
: ''Main Page'' [[Egyptian plagues]]
In the Book of Exodus, God punishes the pharaoh and Egypt with ten furious plagues in order to force him to let the Israelite's go from Egypt, after pharaoh resisted allowing Moses to lead the Israelite's out of Egypt. After the tenth plague, pharaoh finally allows the Israelite's to leave Egypt, also generously giving to them so much that the Israelite's were said to have "plundered the Egyptians" (Exodus 12:36).
:Plague 1: Nile turns to blood
:Plague 2: Frogs
:Plague 3: Lice
:Plague 4: Flies
:Plague 5: Diseased livestock
:Plague 6: Boils
:Plague 7: Thunderstorm of hail
:Plague 8: Locusts
:Plague 9: Darkness for three days
:Plague 10: Death of the firstborn sons
Pharaoh resisted God and Moses throughout the entirety of the plagues, until the tenth plague, where the life of pharaohs own firstborn son was taken. This narrative mainly takes place in Exodus 11:1-8;
''The Lord said to Moses, “I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. After that, he will let you go from here. When he lets you go, he will drive you out of here. Now announce to the people that both men and women should ask their neighbors for silver and gold jewelry.” The Lord gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. And the man Moses was highly regarded in the land of Egypt by Pharaoh’s officials and the people. So Moses said, “This is what Yahweh says: ‘About midnight I will go throughout Egypt, and every firstborn male in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne to the firstborn of the servant girl who is behind the millstones, as well as every firstborn of the livestock. Then there will be a great cry of anguish through all the land of Egypt such as never was before, or ever will be again. But against all the Israelites, whether man or beast, not even a dog will snarl, so that you may know that Yahweh makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel. All these officials of yours will come down to me and bow before me, saying: Leave, you and all the people who follow you. After that, I will leave.’” And he left Pharaoh’s presence in fierce anger.''
=== Exodus ===
: ''Main Page'' [[Exodus of Israel]]
The Exodus out of Israel was one of the most important events in the entirety of the Torah, perhaps even the entire [[Bible]]. The Exodus begins in Exodus 12:37, where the Book of Exodus says " The Israelites traveled from Rameses to Succoth, about 600,000 soldiers on foot, besides their families." The exact path of the Israelite's from Egypt into the promised land remains debated amongst scholars, including the very sea that was crossed by the Israelite's. Some believe it is the Red Sea, some the Gulf of Suez and some the Gulf of Aqaba. The exodus began in Exodus 12:37, although the Israelite's never fully enter into the promised land by crossing the [[Jordan]] into the promised land until Joshua 3:17, after the death of [[Moses]]. The Bible says that the wandering in the wilderness (Deuteronomy 29:5; Numbers 32:13; Joshua 5:6) took forty years, which means that the time span between the Israelite's leaving Egypt to them entering into the promised land lasted a full forty years.
=== Ten Commandments ===
: ''Main Page'' [[Ten Commandments]]
In Exodus 20:1-17, [[God]] delivers the Ten Commandments to the Israelite's on Mount Sinai. The following are the Ten Commandments from God.
:Commandment 1: I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. '''Exodus 20:2'''
:Commandment 2: You shall have no other gods before Me. You shall not make for yourself a carved image—any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; you shall not bow down to them nor serve them. For I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and fourth generations of those who hate Me, but showing mercy to thousands, to those who love Me and keep My commandments. '''Exodus 20:3-6'''
:Commandment 3: You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain, for the Lord will not hold him guiltless who takes His name in vain. '''Exodus 20:7'''
:Commandment 4: Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it. '''Exodus 20:8-11'''
:Commandment 5: Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the Lord your God is giving you. '''Exodus 20:12'''
:Commandment 6: You shall not murder. '''Exodus 20:13'''
:Commandment 7: You shall not commit adultery. '''Exodus 20:14'''
:Commandment 8: You shall not steal. '''Exodus 20:15'''
:Commandment 9: You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. '''Exodus 20:16'''
:Commandment 10: You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor’s. '''Exodus 20:17'''
The Ten Commandments have been heavily influential throughout the entirety of the [[Bible]]. When the [[Pharisees]] gathered around Jesus, and a lawyer asked him "Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law?" (Matthew 22:36), Jesus spoke "'You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind.’ This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like it: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets.”
{{Old Testament Books}}
{{Old Testament Books}}