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Starting in 1975, Yosef Garfinkel first became a part of the Israel Defense Forces, and served there until 1978. Then, between 1978 until 2001, he was part of the Reserve Services.

Starting in 1975, Yosef Garfinkel first became a part of the Israel Defense Forces, and served there until 1978. Then, between 1978 until 2001, he was part of the Reserve Services.

Yosef Garfinkel has had numerous positions in the Hebrew University. Between 1983-1987, he was a Research Assistant in Archaeology. He then served as a Teaching Assistant in Archaeology between 1988-1991, Instructor in Archaeology between 1992-1994, and served as a Lecturer in Archaeology between 1995-2000. He became a Senior Lecturer in Archaeology in 2001, Associate Professor in Archaeology in 2004, and Professor of Archaeology in 2012. Garfinkel has held other positions in Hebrew University, including Head of Archaeology program at Rehovot extension of the Faculty of Humanities between 1995-1998, and Head of the Biblical Archaeology department at the Institute of Archaeology between 2004-2006. He became Head of the Berman Center for Biblical Archaeology in 2005 and Yigael Yadin Chair in Archaeology of Eretz Yisrael in 2007.

Yosef Garfinkel has had numerous positions in the Hebrew University. Between 1983-1987, he was a Research Assistant in Archaeology. He then served as a Teaching Assistant in Archaeology between 1988-1991, Instructor in Archaeology between 1992-1994, and served as a lecturer in Archaeology between 1995-2000. He became a Senior Lecturer in Archaeology in 2001, Associate Professor in Archaeology in 2004, and Professor of Archaeology in 2012. Garfinkel has held other positions in Hebrew University, including Head of Archaeology program at Rehovot extension of the Faculty of Humanities between 1995-1998, and Head of the Biblical Archaeology department at the Institute of Archaeology between 2004-2006. He became Head of the Berman Center for Biblical Archaeology in 2005 and Yigael Yadin Chair in Archaeology of Eretz Yisrael in 2007.

Garfinkel has also held positions in academic institutions outside of the Hebrew University, even though his main career is in the Hebrew University. Between 1987-1992, Garfinkel was a Research Assistant at the Centre de Recherché Francais de Jerusalem. Between 1985-1993, he was a Research Fellow at the Albright Institute of Archaeology. In 1995, he became a Research Affiliate in Anthropology at [[Yale University]], in 2000 became Visiting scholar at the Ashmolean Museum and Wolfsan Collage at [[Oxford University]], and in 2000 also became Visiting scholar at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research at [[Cambridge University]]. Finally, academic activity of Yosef Garfinkel also includes being a Curator at the Archaeological Museum in Kibbutz Sha'ar Hagolan since 1994 and Guest Curator of the Bible Lands Museum in Jerusalem since 1999. He also served on the editorial board of the ''Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society'' and guest-editor in the journal ''Near Eastern Archaeology'' in 2003. Yosef Garfinkel's book ''Dance at the Dawn of Agriculture'' won the Polonsky Book Prize in 2006.

Garfinkel has also held positions in academic institutions outside of the Hebrew University, even though his main career is in the Hebrew University. Between 1987-1992, Garfinkel was a Research Assistant at the Centre de Recherché Francais de Jerusalem. Between 1985-1993, he was a Research Fellow at the Albright Institute of Archaeology. In 1995, he became a Research Affiliate in Anthropology at [[Yale University]], in 2000 became Visiting scholar at the Ashmolean Museum and Wolfsan Collage at [[Oxford University]], and in 2000 also became Visiting scholar at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research at [[Cambridge University]]. Finally, academic activity of Yosef Garfinkel also includes being a Curator at the Archaeological Museum in Kibbutz Sha'ar Hagolan since 1994 and Guest Curator of the Bible Lands Museum in Jerusalem since 1999. He also served on the editorial board of the ''Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society'' and guest-editor in the journal ''Near Eastern Archaeology'' in 2003. Yosef Garfinkel's book ''Dance at the Dawn of Agriculture'' won the Polonsky Book Prize in 2006.

== Excavations ==  

== Excavations ==

Yosef Garfinkel has engaged in excavations at numerous sites. This includes excavations at Yiftahel, Gesher, Tel ‘Ali, Ashkelon, Sha‘ar Hagolan, Tel Tsaf, Khirbet Qeiyafa and [[Lachish]].<ref>[http://archaeology.huji.ac.il/depart/biblical/yosefg/yosefg.asp Prof. Yosef Garfinkel]</ref>

Yosef Garfinkel has engaged in excavations at numerous sites. This includes excavations at Yiftahel, Gesher, Tel ‘Ali, Ashkelon, Sha‘ar Hagolan, Tel Tsaf, Khirbet Qeiyafa and [[Lachish]].<ref>[http://archaeology.huji.ac.il/depart/biblical/yosefg/yosefg.asp Prof. Yosef Garfinkel]</ref>

=== Khirbet Qeiyafa ===

=== Khirbet Qeiyafa ===

Yosef Garfinkel directed excavations at [[Khirbet Qeiyafa]] between 2008-2016, a site that has received significant attention for its significance to the ongoing debate regarding the ancient Judean kingdom of [[King David]], and it's impact on biblical studies. According to some scholars, including [[Israel Finkelstein]], Israel was never the kingdom under King David it is portrayed as in the [[Bible]], and was rather a small, regional, sparsely inhabited agrarian society. The site of Khirbet Qeiyafa dates to between 1020-980 BC,<ref>Garfinkel, Y., and Katharina Streit. "Radiometric Dating of the Iron Age City." Khirbet Qeiyafa 2 (2014): 2009-2013. pg. 368.</ref> the reign of David, and it reveals a highly centralized  administration requiring hundreds of thousands of tons of stones to construct, and a heavily fortified site, and appears to be a city of Judea,<ref>Garfinkel, Yosef. "The birth and death of biblical minimalism." Biblical Archaeology Review 37.3 (2011): pp. 51-52.</ref> under David's rule at the time. This would reveal that David ruled over an entire kingdom in his time, and establish the historical foundations in which the Bible ascribes to him. Some have tried to get around this by suggesting Khirbet Qeiyafa to be a Canaanite site<ref>Naaman, Nadav. "Khirbet Qeiyafa in context." Ugarit-Forschungen 42 (2010): 497-526.</ref> rather than Judean, however it is now well established that the site is Judean,<ref>[http://qeiyafa.huji.ac.il/Reports/Is_Khirbet_Qeiyafa_a_Judean_site.pdf Why Khirbet Qeiyafa is a Judean City]</ref> and is most likely to be identified with the biblical city of [[Shaaraim]] -- Khirbet Qeiyafa is the only site up until its time to have two gates, and Shaaraim means 'two gates'. [[Brian Colless]] says "Khirbet Qeiyafa... has been plausibly identified as Sha'arayim".<ref>[http://cryptcracker.blogspot.ca/2014/04/early-hebrew-syllabary.html The Lost Link

Yosef Garfinkel directed excavations at [[Khirbet Qeiyafa]] between 2008-2016, a site that has received significant attention for its significance to the ongoing debate regarding the ancient Judean kingdom of [[King David]], and it's impact on biblical studies. According to some scholars, including [[Israel Finkelstein]], Israel was never the kingdom under King David it is portrayed as in the [[Bible]], and was rather a small, regional, sparsely inhabited agrarian society. The site of Khirbet Qeiyafa dates to between 1020-980 BC,<ref>Garfinkel, Y., and Katharina Streit. "Radiometric Dating of the Iron Age City." Khirbet Qeiyafa 2 (2014): 2009-2013. pg. 368.</ref> the reign of David, and it reveals a highly centralized  administration requiring hundreds of thousands of tons of stones to construct, and a heavily fortified site, and appears to be a city of Judea,<ref>Garfinkel, Yosef. "The birth and death of biblical minimalism." Biblical Archaeology Review 37.3 (2011): pp. 51-52.</ref> under David's rule at the time. This would reveal that David ruled over an entire kingdom in his time, and establish the historical foundations in which the Bible ascribes to him. Some have tried to get around this by suggesting Khirbet Qeiyafa to be a Canaanite site<ref>Naaman, Nadav. "Khirbet Qeiyafa in context." Ugarit-Forschungen 42 (2010): 497-526.</ref> rather than Judean, however it is now well established that the site is Judean,<ref>[http://qeiyafa.huji.ac.il/Reports/Is_Khirbet_Qeiyafa_a_Judean_site.pdf Why Khirbet Qeiyafa is a Judean City]</ref> and is most likely to be identified with the biblical city of [[Shaaraim]] -- Khirbet Qeiyafa is the only site up until its time to have two gates, and Shaaraim means 'two gates'. [[Brian Colless]] says "Khirbet Qeiyafa... has been plausibly identified as Sha'arayim".<ref>[http://cryptcracker.blogspot.ca/2014/04/early-hebrew-syllabary.html The Lost Link The Alphabet in the Hands of the Early Israelites]</ref>

The Alphabet in the Hands of the Early Israelites]</ref>

Aside from revealing that David ruled over a kingdom in his time, Khirbet Qeiyafa has also yielded the earliest potentially Hebrew ostracon,<ref>Millard, Alan. "The ostracon from the days of David found at Khirbet Qeiyafa." Tyndale Bulletin 62.1 (2011).</ref> establishing that Israel had writing at that time. The findings of Khirbet Qeiyafa have been one of the most significant findings to the archaeology of the Bible in a while. Garfinkel concludes that "Khirbet Qeiyafa clearly indicates that historical memories concerning the 10th century BC are preserved in the biblical text."<ref>[http://www.bibleinterp.com/articles/gar368026.shtml A Reply to R. Arav’s Review of Khirbet Qeiyafa Vol. 1]</ref>

Aside from revealing that David ruled over a kingdom in his time, Khirbet Qeiyafa has also yielded the earliest potentially Hebrew ostracon,<ref>Millard, Alan. "The ostracon from the days of David found at Khirbet Qeiyafa." Tyndale Bulletin 62.1 (2011).</ref> establishing that Israel had writing at that time. The findings of Khirbet Qeiyafa have been one of the most significant findings to the archaeology of the Bible in a while. Garfinkel concludes that "Khirbet Qeiyafa clearly indicates that historical memories concerning the 10th century BC are preserved in the biblical text."<ref>[http://www.bibleinterp.com/articles/gar368026.shtml A Reply to R. Arav’s Review of Khirbet Qeiyafa Vol. 1]</ref>