Changes

On the other hand, according to Livescience.com, 31 percent of [[social science|social scientists]] believe in God. 27 percent of [[political science|political scientists]], who are social scientists, believe in the existence of God.<ref>[http://www.livescience.com/379-scientists-belief-god-varies-starkly-discipline.html Scientists belief in God varies starkly by discipline], Livescience.com</ref>

On the other hand, according to Livescience.com, 31 percent of [[social science|social scientists]] believe in God. 27 percent of [[political science|political scientists]], who are social scientists, believe in the existence of God.<ref>[http://www.livescience.com/379-scientists-belief-god-varies-starkly-discipline.html Scientists belief in God varies starkly by discipline], Livescience.com</ref>

Compared to [[medical science]] which has many effective medicines and surgical procedures, social science is often unreliable. For example, few economists (economics is a social science) in academia predicted the [[Great Depression]] or the 1987 financial crisis. [[Ludwig von Mises]] was snubbed by economists worldwide when he warned of a credit crisis in the 1920s.<ref>[http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704471504574443600711779692 The man who predicted the depression], Wall Street Journal</ref>  Few, if any, political scientists predicted early on that [[Donald Trump]] would be the leading Republican candidate in the 2016 [[GOP]] primary.   

Compared to [[medical science]] which has many effective medicines and surgical procedures, social science is often unreliable. For example, few economists (economics is a social science) in academia predicted the [[Great Depression]] or the 1987 financial crisis. [[Ludwig von Mises]] was snubbed by economists worldwide when he warned of a credit crisis in the 1920s.<ref>[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704471504574443600711779692 The man who predicted the depression], Wall Street Journal</ref>  Few, if any, political scientists predicted early on that [[Donald Trump]] would be the leading Republican candidate in the 2016 [[GOP]] primary.   

The political scientist Emily Thorson wrote at the Politico website:  

The political scientist Emily Thorson wrote at the Politico website:  

{{cquote|Late last semester, a student showed up during my office hours. She sat down across from me, looking worried. I assumed she wanted to discuss her upcoming paper, but she had something else in mind. “Professor,” she said. “How did Donald Trump happen?”

{{cquote|Late last semester, a student showed up during my office hours. She sat down across from me, looking worried. I assumed she wanted to discuss her upcoming paper, but she had something else in mind. “Professor,” she said. “How did Donald Trump happen?”

This is the question everyone seems to be asking these days. Trump’s rise has defied the predictions of pundits and pollsters, repeatedly embarrassing those who swore that he would flame out. I’m a political scientist, and I count myself among that number. In September, I offered my students a $500 bet that he wouldn’t become the Republican nominee — a wager I’m increasingly glad that none of them took me up on.<ref>http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/03/donald-trump-2016-political-science-213755 5 Political Myths Trump Is Exploding] by Emily Thorson, Politico</ref>}}

This is the question everyone seems to be asking these days. Trump’s rise has defied the predictions of pundits and pollsters, repeatedly embarrassing those who swore that he would flame out. I’m a political scientist, and I count myself among that number. In September, I offered my students a $500 bet that he wouldn’t become the Republican nominee — a wager I’m increasingly glad that none of them took me up on.<ref>https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/03/donald-trump-2016-political-science-213755 5 Political Myths Trump Is Exploding] by Emily Thorson, Politico</ref>}}

=== Social science of psychology very frequently contains pseudoscience ===

=== Social science of psychology very frequently contains pseudoscience ===

Psychology is a social science.  

Psychology is a social science.  

Among American college professors, psychology professors have the highest percentage of atheists (50% of American college professors are atheists).<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/amarnath-amarasingam/how-religious-are-america_b_749630.html Are American College Professors Religious?], Huffington Post</ref>

Among American college professors, psychology professors have the highest percentage of atheists (50% of American college professors are atheists).<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.com/amarnath-amarasingam/how-religious-are-america_b_749630.html Are American College Professors Religious?], Huffington Post</ref>

As noted above, in 2014, the science journal ''Nature'' reported that over half of psychology studies fail reproducibility test.<ref>[http://www.nature.com/news/over-half-of-psychology-studies-fail-reproducibility-test-1.18248 Over half of psychology studies fail reproducibility test], Bature</ref>

As noted above, in 2014, the science journal ''Nature'' reported that over half of psychology studies fail reproducibility test.<ref>[http://www.nature.com/news/over-half-of-psychology-studies-fail-reproducibility-test-1.18248 Over half of psychology studies fail reproducibility test], Bature</ref>

In 2011, the ''[[New York Times]]'' declared:

In 2011, the ''[[New York Times]]'' declared:

{{cquote|Also common is a self-serving statistical sloppiness. In an analysis published this year, Dr. Wicherts and Marjan Bakker, also at the University of Amsterdam, searched a random sample of 281 psychology papers for statistical errors. They found that about half of the papers in high-end journals contained some statistical error.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/03/health/research/noted-dutch-psychologist-stapel-accused-of-research-fraud.html?_r=2 Fraud Case Seen as a Red Flag for Psychology Research]</ref>}}

{{cquote|Also common is a self-serving statistical sloppiness. In an analysis published this year, Dr. Wicherts and Marjan Bakker, also at the University of Amsterdam, searched a random sample of 281 psychology papers for statistical errors. They found that about half of the papers in high-end journals contained some statistical error.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/03/health/research/noted-dutch-psychologist-stapel-accused-of-research-fraud.html?_r=2 Fraud Case Seen as a Red Flag for Psychology Research]</ref>}}

[[Vox Day|Theodore Beale]] reported:

[[Vox Day|Theodore Beale]] reported: