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==Pendergast machine==

==Pendergast machine==

Discouraged by his lack of business success and without funds, Truman sought the help of friends. His farm background, his war record, his Masonic connections, his Baptist Church affiliations, and his genial personality recommended him to [[Thomas J. Pendergast]], the Democratic political boss of Kansas City and much of western Missouri. Pendergast, an Irish Catholic, had a strong base among the Irish Catholics and used Truman to reach out to Protestants, farmers and veterans. He made Truman the overseer of highways for Jackson County. Truman biographer [[David McCullough]] recounts:

Discouraged by his lack of business success and without funds, Truman sought the help of friends. His farm background, his war record, his Masonic connections, his Baptist Church affiliations, and his genial personality recommended him to [[Thomas J. Pendergast]], the Democratic political boss of Kansas City and much of western Missouri. Pendergast, an Irish Catholic, had a strong base among the Irish Catholics and used Truman to reach out to Protestants, farmers and veterans. He made Truman the overseer of highways for Jackson County. Truman biographer [[David McCullough]] recounts:

{{cquote|That gambling, prostitution, bootlegging, the sale of narcotics and racketeering were a roaring buisiness in Kansas City was all too obvious. Nor did anyone for a moment doubt that the ruling spirit behind it all remained Tom Pendergast. It was the Pendegast heyday.<ref>David McCullough, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=8fp1A2s6aQwC Truman]'' (Simon and Schuster, 2003, ISBN 0743260295), p. 237</ref>}}

{{cquote|That gambling, prostitution, bootlegging, the sale of narcotics and racketeering were a roaring buisiness in Kansas City was all too obvious. Nor did anyone for a moment doubt that the ruling spirit behind it all remained Tom Pendergast. It was the Pendegast heyday.<ref>David McCullough, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=8fp1A2s6aQwC Truman]'' (Simon and Schuster, 2003, ISBN 0743260295), p. 237</ref>}}

In 1922 Truman was elected a county judge; needing some legal knowledge he studied nights for two years at Kansas City Law School; it was his only education beyond high school, although he read history. In the 1924 GOP landslide he was defeated for reelection, but in 1926 he was returned to office as presiding judge of the court, the duties of which also involved administrative supervision of many county expenditures, including $60 million for public works; Truman put only Democrats from the Pendergast machine on the county payroll.<ref>Margaret Truman, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=qRUgzPQRRQcC Harry S. Truman]'' (Morrow, 1972) ISBN 0688000053, p. 67</ref> In 1924, Truman paid $10 (equivalent to more than $120 today) as a membership fee to join the [[Ku Klux Klan]], but withdrew when he learned that Pendergast, a [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]], would not support anyone who belonged to an anti-Catholic organization;<ref>David McCullough, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=8fp1A2s6aQwC Truman]'' (Simon and Schuster, 2003, ISBN 0743260295), p. 166</ref> the Klan then campaigned against Truman.

In 1922 Truman was elected a county judge; needing some legal knowledge he studied nights for two years at Kansas City Law School; it was his only education beyond high school, although he read history. In the 1924 GOP landslide he was defeated for reelection, but in 1926 he was returned to office as presiding judge of the court, the duties of which also involved administrative supervision of many county expenditures, including $60 million for public works; Truman put only Democrats from the Pendergast machine on the county payroll.<ref>Margaret Truman, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=qRUgzPQRRQcC Harry S. Truman]'' (Morrow, 1972) ISBN 0688000053, p. 67</ref> In 1924, Truman paid $10 (equivalent to more than $120 today) as a membership fee to join the [[Ku Klux Klan]], but withdrew when he learned that Pendergast, a [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]], would not support anyone who belonged to an anti-Catholic organization;<ref>David McCullough, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=8fp1A2s6aQwC Truman]'' (Simon and Schuster, 2003, ISBN 0743260295), p. 166</ref> the Klan then campaigned against Truman.

In 1933, with one call to Washington, Pendergast got the director of the federal reemployment service in Missouri fired, and his job given to Truman.<ref>David McCullough, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=8fp1A2s6aQwC Truman]'' (Simon and Schuster, 2003) ISBN 0743260295, p. 242</ref> In 1934, Pendergast tapped Truman to run for [[United States Senate|Senate]]. In the 1995 biopic ''Truman'', writer Thomas Rickman portrays the dialogue:

In 1933, with one call to Washington, Pendergast got the director of the federal reemployment service in Missouri fired, and his job given to Truman.<ref>David McCullough, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=8fp1A2s6aQwC Truman]'' (Simon and Schuster, 2003) ISBN 0743260295, p. 242</ref> In 1934, Pendergast tapped Truman to run for [[United States Senate|Senate]]. In the 1995 biopic ''Truman'', writer Thomas Rickman portrays the dialogue:

{{cquote|Boss Tom Prendergast: I've got a job for you.

{{cquote|Boss Tom Prendergast: I've got a job for you.

Harry S. Truman: Well, that's mighty nice of you. What's the job, dog-catcher?

Harry S. Truman: Well, that's mighty nice of you. What's the job, dog-catcher?

Boss Tom Prendergast: How would you like to run for Congress?

Boss Tom Prendergast: How would you like to run for Congress?

Harry S. Truman: Well, Jesus Christ and General Jackson. The answer's yes.<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114738/quotes Memorable quotes for Truman] (1995) (TV), Internet Movie Database</ref>}}

Harry S. Truman: Well, Jesus Christ and General Jackson. The answer's yes.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114738/quotes Memorable quotes for Truman] (1995) (TV), Internet Movie Database</ref>}}

==Senate==

==Senate==

Joseph C. Satterthwaite, "The Truman Doctrine: Turkey," ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,'' Vol. 401, (May, 1972), pp. 74-84  [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1039114 in JSTOR]</ref>

Joseph C. Satterthwaite, "The Truman Doctrine: Turkey," ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,'' Vol. 401, (May, 1972), pp. 74-84  [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1039114 in JSTOR]</ref>

===Recognition of Israel===

===Recognition of Israel===

Truman usually followed the advice of the State Department in national security matters, largely ignoring the Pentagon and Congress. [[Image:Israel48.jpg|thumb|400px|left]] In the case of recognition of the independent state of [[Israel]] in 1948, however, he overruled the urgent pleas of the State Department and immediately recognized Israel.  State had warned that recognition would anger the Arabs in the Middle East; Truman, however, was more responsive to domestic politics, where support for Israel was widespread.<ref>Michael T. Benson, ''Harry S. Truman and the Founding of Israel'' (1997) [http://www.amazon.com/Harry-S-Truman-Founding-Israel/dp/0275958078/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1221429694&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; for the State Department perspective see Evan M. Wilson, "The American Interest in the Palestine Question and the Establishment of Israel," ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,'' Vol. 401, (May, 1972), pp. 64-73 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1039113 in JSTOR]</ref><ref>Pollak, Joel B. (May 14, 2017). [http://www.breitbart.com/jerusalem/2017/05/14/israel-truman-state-department/ Today in History: Harry Truman Defies State Department, Recognizes Israel]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 14, 2017.</ref>

Truman usually followed the advice of the State Department in national security matters, largely ignoring the Pentagon and Congress. [[Image:Israel48.jpg|thumb|400px|left]] In the case of recognition of the independent state of [[Israel]] in 1948, however, he overruled the urgent pleas of the State Department and immediately recognized Israel.  State had warned that recognition would anger the Arabs in the Middle East; Truman, however, was more responsive to domestic politics, where support for Israel was widespread.<ref>Michael T. Benson, ''Harry S. Truman and the Founding of Israel'' (1997) [http://www.amazon.com/Harry-S-Truman-Founding-Israel/dp/0275958078/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1221429694&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; for the State Department perspective see Evan M. Wilson, "The American Interest in the Palestine Question and the Establishment of Israel," ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,'' Vol. 401, (May, 1972), pp. 64-73 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1039113 in JSTOR]</ref><ref>Pollak, Joel B. (May 14, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/jerusalem/2017/05/14/israel-truman-state-department/ Today in History: Harry Truman Defies State Department, Recognizes Israel]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 14, 2017.</ref>

===Religion===

===Religion===

==Quotes==

==Quotes==

* "No man should be allowed to be President who does not understand hogs." <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=FEnGUlTdwaUC&pg=PT52&dq=No+man+should+be+allowed+to+be+President+who+does+not+understand+hogs.&lr=&ei=qTMQTN_MIpeIzQTT38TyCg&cd=3#v=onepage&q=No%20man%20should%20be%20allowed%20to%20be%20President%20who%20does%20not%20understand%20hogs.&f=false A field guide to pigs By John Pukite]</ref>

* "No man should be allowed to be President who does not understand hogs." <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=FEnGUlTdwaUC&pg=PT52&dq=No+man+should+be+allowed+to+be+President+who+does+not+understand+hogs.&lr=&ei=qTMQTN_MIpeIzQTT38TyCg&cd=3#v=onepage&q=No%20man%20should%20be%20allowed%20to%20be%20President%20who%20does%20not%20understand%20hogs.&f=false A field guide to pigs By John Pukite]</ref>

==See also==

==See also==

* McCullough, David. ''Truman''.  (1993), 1120 pp ISBN 0-671-86920-5 best-selling biography; moderate in tone; Pulitzer Prize [http://www.amazon.com/Truman-David-McCullough/dp/0671869205/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193347436&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]

* McCullough, David. ''Truman''.  (1993), 1120 pp ISBN 0-671-86920-5 best-selling biography; moderate in tone; Pulitzer Prize [http://www.amazon.com/Truman-David-McCullough/dp/0671869205/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193347436&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]

* McCullough, David. ''Harry S. Truman'', short essay [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/character/essays/truman.html online edition]  

* McCullough, David. ''Harry S. Truman'', short essay [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/character/essays/truman.html online edition]  

* Offner, Arnold A. ''Another Such Victory: President Truman and the Cold War.'' (2002) 640pp, New Left and hostile to HST; [http://books.google.com/books?id=P5tbHSsBS-AC&pg=PP1&dq=intitle:another+intitle:victory+inauthor:offner&num=30&as_brr=0&sig=pWo43stsPrIrtTfZXJicvWB3zCY excerpts and text search]

* Offner, Arnold A. ''Another Such Victory: President Truman and the Cold War.'' (2002) 640pp, New Left and hostile to HST; [https://books.google.com/books?id=P5tbHSsBS-AC&pg=PP1&dq=intitle:another+intitle:victory+inauthor:offner&num=30&as_brr=0&sig=pWo43stsPrIrtTfZXJicvWB3zCY excerpts and text search]

* [http://www.amazon.com/American-Experience-Truman/dp/B000BYRCG0/ref=pd_bbs_4/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1193347436&sr=8-4 ''American Experience: Truman'' (2006), from PBS]  

* [http://www.amazon.com/American-Experience-Truman/dp/B000BYRCG0/ref=pd_bbs_4/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1193347436&sr=8-4 ''American Experience: Truman'' (2006), from PBS]  

* [http://www.amazon.com/Classic-President-Harry-Truman-Films/dp/B000JD7MV8/ref=sr_1_14/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1193347436&sr=8-14  "Classic President Harry S Truman Films: 1945-1965'' (2006) 40 newsreels, 101 minutes]

* [http://www.amazon.com/Classic-President-Harry-Truman-Films/dp/B000JD7MV8/ref=sr_1_14/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1193347436&sr=8-14  "Classic President Harry S Truman Films: 1945-1965'' (2006) 40 newsreels, 101 minutes]