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==Guerrillas==

==Guerrillas==

Argentina experienced three failed attempts at rural guerrilla warfare between 1959 and 1969. At that point, the insurgents decided in favor of urban guerilla warfare. It seemed obvious that they would be safer and more relevant in crowded cities than in isolated rural areas.

Argentina experienced three failed attempts at rural guerrilla warfare between 1959 and 1969. At that point, the insurgents decided in favor of urban guerilla warfare. [[Jorge Ricardo Masetti]], leader of the  ''Ejército Guerrillero del Pueblo'' (People's Guerrilla Army or EGP), which had infiltrated into Salta Province from Bolivia in 1964, is considered by some as Argentina's first "disappeared", as he went missing after the party militants' defeat in clashes with the Argentine gendarmerie. It seemed obvious that they would be safer and more relevant in crowded cities than in isolated rural areas.

Between the ousting of president Juan Domingo Perón in 1955 and his return from exile in 1973, a number of urban left-wing guerrilla organizations emerged. Six major groups - two Marxist-Maoist- Guevarrist-oriented, and four populist-socialist Peronist-oriented - eventually disbanded or joined the Marxist People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) or the Peronist Montoneros. The Montoneros became the largest and most active of the two revolutionary movements in the major cities and fought alongside the ERP in Tucumán province. In 1971, the left-wing guerrillas killed 57 policemen, and in 1972 the ERP and Montoneros killed another 38 policemen.<ref>Guerrillas and Generals: The Dirty War in Argentina, Paul H. Lewis, Page 53, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002</ref>

Between the ousting of president Juan Domingo Perón in 1955 and his return from exile in 1973, a number of urban left-wing guerrilla organizations emerged. Six major groups - two Marxist-Maoist- Guevarrist-oriented, and four populist-socialist Peronist-oriented - eventually disbanded or joined the Marxist People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) or the Peronist Montoneros. The Montoneros became the largest and most active of the two revolutionary movements in the major cities and fought alongside the ERP in Tucumán province. In 1971, the left-wing guerrillas killed 57 policemen, and in 1972 the ERP and Montoneros killed another 38 policemen.<ref>Guerrillas and Generals: The Dirty War in Argentina, Paul H. Lewis, Page 53, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002</ref>