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Dirty War (Argentina, 1976-83) (view source)
Revision as of 23:04, January 3, 2019
, 23:04, January 3, 2019→Guerrillas
In July 2008, [[Fidel Castro]] admitted that he backed left-wing activists and guerrilla forces in Argentina in order to start an armed revolution: ''"The only place where we didn't promote a revolution was in Mexico. In the rest (of Latin America) we tried, without exception."''<ref>[https://www.pagina12.com.ar/1998/98-07/98-07-04/pag18.htm "Intentamos exportar la revolución a Latinoamérica", reconoció Fidel]</ref>
In July 2008, [[Fidel Castro]] admitted that he backed left-wing activists and guerrilla forces in Argentina in order to start an armed revolution: ''"The only place where we didn't promote a revolution was in Mexico. In the rest (of Latin America) we tried, without exception."''<ref>[https://www.pagina12.com.ar/1998/98-07/98-07-04/pag18.htm "Intentamos exportar la revolución a Latinoamérica", reconoció Fidel]</ref>
===PLO involvement===
The first meeting with the Montoneros and the [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] (PLO) representatives took place in 1971, when Montoneros ''comandante'' [[Rodolfo Galimberti]] entered into agreement with [[Saad Chedid]], president of the Center for Arabic Studies in Argentina, to obtain open support for the Palestinian cause within the Peronist movement. In August 1972, Galimberti made his first trip to Lebanon and received the backing from the exiled Juan Perón in Spain.
By late 1972, the first batch of Montoneros started receiving terrorist training in Lebanon. Upon completion of training, they served as political contacts in Europe before setting up administrative headquarters to handle logistics, falsify documents, and traffic arms. The PLO-Montoneros alliance was made public in 1977 when Montoneros commanders [[Mario Firmenich]] and [[Fernando Vaca Narvaja]] flew to Beirut to meet and be photographed with PLO leader [[Yasser Arafat]]. At that time, Arafat and the PLO were receiving much financial and political support from left-wing governments and political parties worldwide.
When the PLO split and [[Al Fatah]] was formed, the new militant wing offered the Montoneros further training camps in Lebanon, military instructors, and heavy weaponry in return for the installation in Southern Lebanon of a plastic explosives factory that had been pioneered by an Argentine civilian supporter of the Montoneros with a PhD in chemical engineering.
In January 1979, the Montoneros leadership publicly announced through its Evita Montonera magazine that it was ready to launch a counteroffensive in Argentina and topple the Military Junta, with the help of the various trade unions and affiliated workers. As a precursor to their final attacks, the Montoneros had targeted the World Cup Football Tournament being held in Argentina in 1978, launching a number of bomb attacks.
The Montoneros commanders had carefully studied the strategy that made possible the Sandinista victory in July 1979 in Nicaragua. Firmenich had even travelled to Managua to study in person the lessons of the Nicaraguan Revolution. As Firmenich declared on the eve of the Sandinista victory: ''"the solution to the crisis experienced in Argentina is to do what is being done in Nicaragua."'' The ''comandante'' of the Montoneros commandos (Tropas Especiales de Infantería or TEI) selected to take part in the infiltration in the work factories, Raúl Yager, explained that the purpose of the infiltrations was to assist in promoting open street battles. The conditions were ripe for a revolution, he believed, because the trade union protests had already gained momentum.
In late 1979, the Montoneros launched their ''"strategic counteroffensive"'' in Argentina, and the forewarned security forces killed more than one hundred of the exiled Montoneros, who had been sent back to Argentina with false passports after receiving special forces training in PLO camps in Lebanon.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170619051140/http://elortiba.org/docmon82.html Estremecedor informe de inteligencia militar durante la dictadura]</ref>
The Montoneros TEI teams that were successfully infiltrated destroyed with bombs the homes of Juan Alemann (Secretary of Housing) on June 21st and Guillermo Walter Klein (Vice Minister of the Economy), after killing the two policemen (Hugo Cardacci and Julio Morenoon) on sentry duty outside, trapping his daughter Marina in the debris on September 27th. The Montoneros also targeted businessman Francisco Soldati and his chauffeur, both shot dead by Montoneros disguised as policemen in downtown Buenos Aires on November 13th.
According to France's intelligence service [[Deuxième Bureau]], the explosives technology utilized in these attacks would allow the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings to take place that would result in the deaths of 299 US and French peacekeepers in Lebanon.
==Rural guerrilla warfare==
==Rural guerrilla warfare==