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* Ettinger, Patrick. "'We Sometimes Wonder What They Will Spring on Us Next': Immigrants and Border Enforcement in the American West, 1882-1930." ''Western Historical Quarterly'' 2006 37(2): 159-181. Issn: 0043-3810 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]
* Ettinger, Patrick. "'We Sometimes Wonder What They Will Spring on Us Next': Immigrants and Border Enforcement in the American West, 1882-1930." ''Western Historical Quarterly'' 2006 37(2): 159-181. Issn: 0043-3810 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]
* Griffith, Sarah M. "Border Crossings: Race, Class, and Smuggling in Pacific Coast Chinese Immigrant Society." ''Western Historical Quarterly'' 2004 35(4): 473-492. Issn: 0043-3810 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]
* Griffith, Sarah M. "Border Crossings: Race, Class, and Smuggling in Pacific Coast Chinese Immigrant Society." ''Western Historical Quarterly'' 2004 35(4): 473-492. Issn: 0043-3810 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]
* Gyory, Andrew. ''Closing the Gate: Race, Politics, and the Chinese Exclusion Act'' (1998), blames eastern politicians, not Californians, for passage [http://www.amazon.com/Closing-Gate-Politics-Chinese-Exclusion/dp/0807847399/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212930257&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; also [http://www.questia.com/read/38478245?title=Closing%20the%20Gate%3a%20Race%2c%20Politics%2c%20and%20the%20Chinese%20Exclusion%20Act online edition]
* Gyory, Andrew. ''Closing the Gate: Race, Politics, and the Chinese Exclusion Act'' (1998), blames eastern politicians, not Californians, for passage [https://www.amazon.com/Closing-Gate-Politics-Chinese-Exclusion/dp/0807847399/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212930257&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; also [http://www.questia.com/read/38478245?title=Closing%20the%20Gate%3a%20Race%2c%20Politics%2c%20and%20the%20Chinese%20Exclusion%20Act online edition]
* Hing, Bill Ong. ''Making and Remaking Asian America through Immigration Policy, 1850-1990'' (1993) [http://www.questia.com/read/92017657?title=Making%20and%20Remaking%20Asian%20America%20through%20Immigration%20Policy%2c%201850-1990 online edition]
* Hing, Bill Ong. ''Making and Remaking Asian America through Immigration Policy, 1850-1990'' (1993) [http://www.questia.com/read/92017657?title=Making%20and%20Remaking%20Asian%20America%20through%20Immigration%20Policy%2c%201850-1990 online edition]
* Hunt, Michael. ''The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914'' (1983), on diplomacy of restriction [http://www.questia.com/read/45607091?title=The%20Making%20of%20a%20Special%20Relationship%3a%20The%20United%20States%20and%20China%20to%201914 online edition]
* Hunt, Michael. ''The Making of a Special Relationship: The United States and China to 1914'' (1983), on diplomacy of restriction [http://www.questia.com/read/45607091?title=The%20Making%20of%20a%20Special%20Relationship%3a%20The%20United%20States%20and%20China%20to%201914 online edition]
* Lee, Erika. "Enforcing the Borders: Chinese Exclusion along the U.S. Borders with Canada and Mexico, 1882–1924," ''Journal of American History'' 89 (June 2002): 54–86. [http://mc1litvip.jstor.org/pss/2700784 in JSTOR]
* Lee, Erika. "Enforcing the Borders: Chinese Exclusion along the U.S. Borders with Canada and Mexico, 1882–1924," ''Journal of American History'' 89 (June 2002): 54–86. [http://mc1litvip.jstor.org/pss/2700784 in JSTOR]
* Lee, Erika. "The Chinese Exclusion Example: Race, Immigration, and American Gatekeeping, 1882-1924." ''Journal of American Ethnic History'' 2002 21(3): 36-62. Issn: 0278-5927 Fulltext: [[Ebsco]]
* Lee, Erika. "The Chinese Exclusion Example: Race, Immigration, and American Gatekeeping, 1882-1924." ''Journal of American Ethnic History'' 2002 21(3): 36-62. Issn: 0278-5927 Fulltext: [[Ebsco]]
* Lee, Erika. ''At America's Gates: Chinese Immigration during the Exclusion Era, 1882-1943'' (2003) [http://www.amazon.com/Americas-Gates-Immigration-Exclusion-1882-1943/dp/0807854484/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212932024&sr=1-3 excerpt and text search]
* Lee, Erika. ''At America's Gates: Chinese Immigration during the Exclusion Era, 1882-1943'' (2003) [https://www.amazon.com/Americas-Gates-Immigration-Exclusion-1882-1943/dp/0807854484/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212932024&sr=1-3 excerpt and text search]
* McKeown, Adam. "Ritualization of Regulation: the Enforcement of Chinese Exclusion in the United States and China." ''American Historical Review'' 2003 108(2): 377-403. Issn: 0002-8762 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]
* McKeown, Adam. "Ritualization of Regulation: the Enforcement of Chinese Exclusion in the United States and China." ''American Historical Review'' 2003 108(2): 377-403. Issn: 0002-8762 Fulltext: [[History Cooperative]]
* Mckeown, Adam. "Transnational Chinese Families and Chinese Exclusion, 1875-1943." ''Journal of American Ethnic History'' 1999 18(2): 73-110. Issn: 0278-5927 Fulltext: [[Ebsco]]
* Mckeown, Adam. "Transnational Chinese Families and Chinese Exclusion, 1875-1943." ''Journal of American Ethnic History'' 1999 18(2): 73-110. Issn: 0278-5927 Fulltext: [[Ebsco]]
* Miller, Stuart Creighton. ''The Unwelcome Immigrant: The American Image of the Chinese, 1785–1882'' (1969)
* Miller, Stuart Creighton. ''The Unwelcome Immigrant: The American Image of the Chinese, 1785–1882'' (1969)
* Naruta, Anna Noel. "Creating Whiteness in California: Racialization Processes, Land, and Policy in the Context of California's Chinese Exclusion Movements, 1850 to 1910." PhD dissertation U. of California, Berkeley 2006. 300 pp. DAI 2007 67(8): 3038-9. 3228437 Fulltext: [[ProQuest Dissertations & Theses]]
* Naruta, Anna Noel. "Creating Whiteness in California: Racialization Processes, Land, and Policy in the Context of California's Chinese Exclusion Movements, 1850 to 1910." PhD dissertation U. of California, Berkeley 2006. 300 pp. DAI 2007 67(8): 3038-9. 3228437 Fulltext: [[ProQuest Dissertations & Theses]]
* Peffer, George Anthony. ''If They Don't Bring Their Women Here: Chinese Female Immigration before Exclusion'' (1999) [http://www.amazon.com/They-Dont-Bring-Their-Women/dp/0252067770/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212931634&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Peffer, George Anthony. ''If They Don't Bring Their Women Here: Chinese Female Immigration before Exclusion'' (1999) [https://www.amazon.com/They-Dont-Bring-Their-Women/dp/0252067770/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212931634&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Salyer, Lucy. ''Laws Harsh as Tigers: Chinese Immigrants and the Shaping of Modern Immigration Law'' (1995). [http://www.questia.com/library/book/laws-harsh-as-tigers-chinese-immigrants-and-the-shaping-of-modern-immigration-law-by-lucy-e-salyer.jsp online edition]
* Salyer, Lucy. ''Laws Harsh as Tigers: Chinese Immigrants and the Shaping of Modern Immigration Law'' (1995). [http://www.questia.com/library/book/laws-harsh-as-tigers-chinese-immigrants-and-the-shaping-of-modern-immigration-law-by-lucy-e-salyer.jsp online edition]
* Saxton, Alexander. ''The Indispensable Enemy: Labor and the Anti-Chinese Movement in California'' (1971)
* Saxton, Alexander. ''The Indispensable Enemy: Labor and the Anti-Chinese Movement in California'' (1971)
* [http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/immigration/themes-exclusion.html books and government documents, pre 1920s, both pro and anti-restriction]
* [http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/immigration/themes-exclusion.html books and government documents, pre 1920s, both pro and anti-restriction]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=yI8EAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA188&lpg=PA188&dq=exempting+teachers,+students,+merchants,+&source=web&ots=gdnaKeID9Z&sig=hEj_jpU3H0Mpsn-qoW6vJLaD-R0&hl=en#PPA185,M1 ''Appleton's Annual Cyclopedia: 1902'' (1903) pp 185-189] summary of debates in Congress in 1902
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=yI8EAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA188&lpg=PA188&dq=exempting+teachers,+students,+merchants,+&source=web&ots=gdnaKeID9Z&sig=hEj_jpU3H0Mpsn-qoW6vJLaD-R0&hl=en#PPA185,M1 ''Appleton's Annual Cyclopedia: 1902'' (1903) pp 185-189] summary of debates in Congress in 1902
* Yung, Judy, et al. ads. ''Chinese American Voices: From the Gold Rush to the Present'' (2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Chinese-American-Voices-Gold-Present/dp/0520243102/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212931634&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]
* Yung, Judy, et al. ads. ''Chinese American Voices: From the Gold Rush to the Present'' (2006) [https://www.amazon.com/Chinese-American-Voices-Gold-Present/dp/0520243102/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1212931634&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award99/cubhtml/cichome.html "The Chinese in California: 1850-1925"] 8,000 pages of photos and primary source
* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award99/cubhtml/cichome.html "The Chinese in California: 1850-1925"] 8,000 pages of photos and primary source
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====notes====