Changes

The leftist militants bombed and destroyed numerous buildings in the 1970s in its campaign against the civilian and military authorities; these belonged chiefly to police and military hierarchies. But a number of civilian and non-governmental buildings were targeted as well, such as the Sheraton Hotel in downtown Buenos Aires, which was bombed in 1972 (killing a Canadian woman, Lois Crozier and injuring her husband Gerry Crozier)<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Z94QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yosDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7258,1915009&dq=&hl=en Peronists blamed in Hotel bombing]</ref>and the bombing of a crowded theatre in downtown Buenos Aires in 1975<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wuQeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0EYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2828,4751834&dq=&hl=en Isabel Peron cleared of charge]</ref>. In November 1971, in solidarity with striking workers, Montoneros guerrillas seized an Italian car plant in Caseros and set alight and destroyed with gasoline several Fiat 38 vehicles.<ref>The Argentina Reader: History, Culture, Politics, Gabriela Nouzeilles, Graciela Montaldo, p. 382, Duke University Press, 2002 </ref>. In 1971, the leftist guerrillas killed 57 policemen, and in 1972, despite a heightened alert, the ''guerrilleros'' managed to kill another 38 policemen.<ref>Guerrillas and Generals: The Dirty War in Argentina, Paul H. Lewis, p. 53, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002</ref>  

The leftist militants bombed and destroyed numerous buildings in the 1970s in its campaign against the civilian and military authorities; these belonged chiefly to police and military hierarchies. But a number of civilian and non-governmental buildings were targeted as well, such as the Sheraton Hotel in downtown Buenos Aires, which was bombed in 1972 (killing a Canadian woman, Lois Crozier and injuring her husband Gerry Crozier)<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Z94QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yosDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7258,1915009&dq=&hl=en Peronists blamed in Hotel bombing]</ref>and the bombing of a crowded theatre in downtown Buenos Aires in 1975<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wuQeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0EYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2828,4751834&dq=&hl=en Isabel Peron cleared of charge]</ref>. In November 1971, in solidarity with striking workers, Montoneros guerrillas seized an Italian car plant in Caseros and set alight and destroyed with gasoline several Fiat 38 vehicles.<ref>The Argentina Reader: History, Culture, Politics, Gabriela Nouzeilles, Graciela Montaldo, p. 382, Duke University Press, 2002 </ref>. In 1971, the leftist guerrillas killed 57 policemen, and in 1972, despite a heightened alert, the ''guerrilleros'' managed to kill another 38 policemen.<ref>Guerrillas and Generals: The Dirty War in Argentina, Paul H. Lewis, p. 53, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2002</ref>  

On February 4th 1972, police corporal Conrado Likay Faldi was shot dead in the Bernal suburb of Buenos Aires.<ref>[https://adtomator.com/2014/07/07/los-terroristas-desaparecidos-no-merecen-ser-simbolo-patrio-por-nicolas-marquez/ Los terroristas “desaparecidos” no merecen ser símbolo patrio – Por Nicolás Márquez]</ref>On February 14th 1972, FAL guerrillas supporting urban operations in the Barrio Norte suburb of Buenos Aires, delivered a bomb concealed in a flower bouquet to the house of the ex-Justice Minister Jaime Perriaux, killing three policemen (Roque Russo, Rómulo Salvatierra and Néstor Godoy) and mortally wounding another (Oscar Raúl Pereda) of an anti-explosives unit, and wounding eleven others, including neighbors.<ref>Alétheia, Zacharkow de Marquart, Emilce E., Martinez & Maria Angelica, p. 79, Editorial Dunken, 2014</ref>In July 1972 a bomb planted by Montoneros activists in Plaza de San Isidro in Buenos Aires, wounded three policemen and blinded a fireman (Carlos Adrián Ayala) who died of his injuries in hospital.<ref>In Memoriam, Volume 2, p. 398, El Círculo, 1998</ref>On December 28th 1972, Marine Private Julio César Provenzano, operating on behalf of the ERP guerrillas, is killed while plating a bomb in the men's room of the Argentinian Navy Headquarters.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1454&dat=19730331&id=MGo0AAAAIBAJ&sjid=8QkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4256,7005410 Argentine Navy headquarters hit]</ref>

On February 4th 1972, police corporal Conrado Likay Faldi was shot dead in the Bernal suburb of Buenos Aires.<ref>[https://adtomator.com/2014/07/07/los-terroristas-desaparecidos-no-merecen-ser-simbolo-patrio-por-nicolas-marquez/ Los terroristas “desaparecidos” no merecen ser símbolo patrio – Por Nicolás Márquez]</ref>On February 14th 1972, FAL guerrillas supporting urban operations in the Barrio Norte suburb of Buenos Aires, delivered a bomb concealed in a flower bouquet to the house of the ex-Justice Minister Jaime Perriaux, killing three policemen (Roque Russo, Rómulo Salvatierra and Néstor Godoy) and mortally wounding another (Oscar Raúl Pereda) of an anti-explosives unit, and wounding eleven others, including neighbors.<ref>Alétheia, Zacharkow de Marquart, Emilce E., Martinez & Maria Angelica, p. 79, Editorial Dunken, 2014</ref>In July 1972 a bomb planted by Montoneros activists in Plaza de San Isidro in Buenos Aires, wounded three policemen and blinded a fireman (Carlos Adrián Ayala) who died of his injuries in hospital.<ref>In Memoriam, Volume 2, p. 398, El Círculo, 1998</ref>On December 28th 1972, Marine Private Julio César Provenzano, operating on behalf of the ERP guerrillas, is killed while plating a bomb in the men's room of the Argentinian Navy Headquarters.12 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1976

JÓVENES IDEALISTASzhttps://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1454&dat=19730331&id=MGo0AAAAIBAJ&sjid=8QkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4256,7005410 Argentine Navy headquarters hit]</ref>

On February 1st 1973, First Lieutenant José Maria Naccarato was killed while driving in the city of Resistencia in Chaco Province when a bomb planted in his car detonated.<ref>[http://www.elojodigital.com/contenido/8379-denuncia-por-privacion-ilegitima-de-la-libertad-contra-miembros-de-la-administracion- Denuncia por privación ilegítima de la libertad contra miembros de la Administración Kirchner, acusados de haber pertenecido al grupo terrorista Montoneros]</ref>On March 6th 1973, urban guerrillas shot dead three policemen (1st Corporal Máximo Maydana and Corporals José Sergio Contreras and Luis María Benítez) at a dance hall in the José C. Paz suburb of Buenos Aires.<ref>[http://www.mendozatransparente.com.ar/decada-del-70/el631973fueronasesinadoslospoliciasjosesergiocontrerasmaximomaidanayluismariabenitezdejandountotalde16huerfanos El 6/3/1973 fueron asesinados los policías José Sergio Contreras, Máximo Maidana y Luis María Benítez, dejando un total de 16 huérfanos]</ref>Between September 16th and 17th 1974, about 100 Montoneros bombs exploded throughout Argentina against ceremonies commemorating the military revolt which ended Juan Perón's first term as president and foreign companies.

On February 1st 1973, First Lieutenant José Maria Naccarato was killed while driving in the city of Resistencia in Chaco Province when a bomb planted in his car detonated.<ref>[http://www.elojodigital.com/contenido/8379-denuncia-por-privacion-ilegitima-de-la-libertad-contra-miembros-de-la-administracion- Denuncia por privación ilegítima de la libertad contra miembros de la Administración Kirchner, acusados de haber pertenecido al grupo terrorista Montoneros]</ref>On March 6th 1973, urban guerrillas shot dead three policemen (1st Corporal Máximo Maydana and Corporals José Sergio Contreras and Luis María Benítez) at a dance hall in the José C. Paz suburb of Buenos Aires.<ref>[http://www.mendozatransparente.com.ar/decada-del-70/el631973fueronasesinadoslospoliciasjosesergiocontrerasmaximomaidanayluismariabenitezdejandountotalde16huerfanos El 6/3/1973 fueron asesinados los policías José Sergio Contreras, Máximo Maidana y Luis María Benítez, dejando un total de 16 huérfanos]</ref>Between September 16th and 17th 1974, about 100 Montoneros bombs exploded throughout Argentina against ceremonies commemorating the military revolt which ended Juan Perón's first term as president and foreign companies.

On January 13th 1976, leftists set fire to a Buenos Aires commuter train after forcing passengers to descend at gunpoint.<ref>Peronist Guerrillas Burn Train Near Buenos Aires, ''The New York Times'', 14 January 1976</ref>On January 26th, ERP guerrillas supporting Montoneros operations in the suburb of Barracas in Buenos Aires, shoot and kill a female police traffic officer (21-year-old Silvia Ester Rosboch de Campana).<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/celtyv/posts/10155440262373583/ CELTYV - Por las Víctimas del Terrorismo de Argentina]</ref>On January 29th, during a raid on the Bendix factory in the suburb of Munro in Buenos Aires, Montoneros shoot and kill Alberto Olabarrieta and Jorge Sarlenga of the factory's management, and an off-duty policeman, Juan Carlos Garavaglio, who had tried to intervene. On February 2nd 1976 about fifty Montoneros attacked the Juan Vucetich Police Academy in Buenos Aires in an attempt to capture the helicopter-gunships stationed there,<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qLsSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3vgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6809,70028&dq= "Guerrilla Raid Foiled"]. page 8, ''Spokane Daily Chronicle'' (2 February 1976).</ref>but were repelled in heavy fighting involving police reinforcements. In the week preceding the military coup, the Montoneros killed 13 policemen as part of its renewed offensive aptly named ''Third National Military Campaign''.<ref>Lewis, Paul. (2002). [https://books.google.com/books?id=NtZ3EvNYxjYC&pg=PA125&lpg=PA125 Guerrillas and Generals: the Dirty War in Argentina], p. 125, Greenwood Publishing Group.</ref>On March 15th, a powerful guerrilla bomb exploded next to the Argentine Army Headquarters, smashing windows in the nearby Casa Rosada and wounding 15 military personnel and 6 civilians as well as killing a civilian passerby.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=e_tQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Jr8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=1543,2038489&dq= Argentine army quarters blasted, The Telegraph Herald, 6 March 1976]</ref>On July 2nd 1976, the Montoneros detonated a powerful bomb in the Argentinian Federal Police Headquarters in Buenos Aires, killing 24 and wounding 66 policemen and employees. During 1976, Videla himself narrowly escaped an assassination attempt in which a time bomb planted in the reviewing stand at the vast Campo de Mayo barracks blew out a meter-wide hole at the exact spot where he had been standing.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946715,00.html "A Monopoly of Force"]. ''Time''. (18 October 1976).</ref>

On January 13th 1976, leftists set fire to a Buenos Aires commuter train after forcing passengers to descend at gunpoint.<ref>Peronist Guerrillas Burn Train Near Buenos Aires, ''The New York Times'', 14 January 1976</ref>On January 26th, ERP guerrillas supporting Montoneros operations in the suburb of Barracas in Buenos Aires, shoot and kill a female police traffic officer (21-year-old Silvia Ester Rosboch de Campana).<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/celtyv/posts/10155440262373583/ CELTYV - Por las Víctimas del Terrorismo de Argentina]</ref>On January 29th, during a raid on the Bendix factory in the suburb of Munro in Buenos Aires, Montoneros shoot and kill Alberto Olabarrieta and Jorge Sarlenga of the factory's management, and an off-duty policeman, Juan Carlos Garavaglio, who had tried to intervene. On February 2nd 1976 about fifty Montoneros attacked the Juan Vucetich Police Academy in Buenos Aires in an attempt to capture the helicopter-gunships stationed there,<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qLsSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3vgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6809,70028&dq= "Guerrilla Raid Foiled"]. page 8, ''Spokane Daily Chronicle'' (2 February 1976).</ref>but were repelled in heavy fighting involving police reinforcements. In the week preceding the military coup, the Montoneros killed 13 policemen as part of its renewed offensive aptly named ''Third National Military Campaign''.<ref>Lewis, Paul. (2002). [https://books.google.com/books?id=NtZ3EvNYxjYC&pg=PA125&lpg=PA125 Guerrillas and Generals: the Dirty War in Argentina], p. 125, Greenwood Publishing Group.</ref>On March 15th, a powerful guerrilla bomb exploded next to the Argentine Army Headquarters, smashing windows in the nearby Casa Rosada and wounding 15 military personnel and 6 civilians as well as killing a civilian passerby.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=e_tQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Jr8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=1543,2038489&dq= Argentine army quarters blasted, The Telegraph Herald, 6 March 1976]</ref>On July 2nd 1976, the Montoneros detonated a powerful bomb in the Argentinian Federal Police Headquarters in Buenos Aires, killing 24 and wounding 66 policemen and employees. During 1976, Videla himself narrowly escaped an assassination attempt in which a time bomb planted in the reviewing stand at the vast Campo de Mayo barracks blew out a meter-wide hole at the exact spot where he had been standing.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946715,00.html "A Monopoly of Force"]. ''Time''. (18 October 1976).</ref>

On September 12th 1976, a Montoneros car bomb destroyed a bus carrying police officers in the City of Rosario, killing nine policemen and a married couple: 56-year-old Oscar Walter Ledesma and 42-year-old Irene Ángela Dib. There were at least 50 wounded in the bomb blast. On September 29th 1976 fierce fighting took place in the Floresta suburb of Buenos Aires, where one-hundred soldiers and policemen were forced to use bazookas and armored cars against heavily armed guerrillas.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7k40AAAAIBAJ&sjid=OWcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1952,5810098&dq= "Troops Clash With Guerrillas"]. ''Sarasota Herald-Tribune'' (29 September 1976).</ref>On October 2nd, Lieutenant-General Jorge Videla narrowly escaped death when a bomb packed in metal tubing supporting a reviewing stand at the Campo de Mayo army barracks exploded only moments after he left.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KeVVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4OADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6997,382239&dq= Argentina's chief escapes blasts, Eugene Resister-Guard, 3 October 1976]. Google News.</ref>On October 4th 1976, Buenos Aires police foiled a leftist terror attack against American actress Rita Hayworth and members of the local press, during her widely publicized stay in the Sheraton Hotel.<ref>[https://www.infobae.com/historia-argentina/2019/06/11/documentos-desclasificados-los-frustrados-atentados-guerrilleros-contra-videla-y-rita-hayworth-durante-la-dictadura/ Documentos desclasificados: los frustrados atentados guerrilleros contra Videla y Rita Hayworth durante la dictadura]</ref>On October 17th a bomb blast in an Army Club Cinema in downtown Buenos Aires killed 11 and wounded about 50 officers and attending family members.<ref>The Disappeared: Voices From A Secret War, John Simpson, Jana Bennett, p. 95, Robson Books, 1985</ref>On December 15th, another bomb planted in a Defense Ministry movie hall killed 14 senior officers and injured another 30 military men and accompanying family members.<ref>"Montoneros explode fragmentation bomb in Defense Ministry killing fourteen senior officers and injuring thirty." Argentina, 1943-1987: The National Revolution and Resistance, Donald Clark Hodges, p. 310, University of New Mexico Press, 1988</ref>By the first anniversary of the coup that ousted President [[Isabel Martínez de Perón|Isabel Perón]], 124 soldiers and police had been killed combating left-wing guerrillas and militants<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,918823,00.html?iid=chix-sphere|title=Hope from a Clockwork Coup|work=Time|date=11 April 1977}}</ref> in what the military referred to as, "the Dirty War".

On September 12th 1976, a Montoneros car bomb destroyed a bus carrying police officers in the City of Rosario, killing nine policemen and a married couple: 56-year-old Oscar Walter Ledesma and 42-year-old Irene Ángela Dib. There were at least 50 wounded in the bomb blast.<ref>[http://ar.geocities.com/ciudadanosalerta/terrorismo/12-09-1976.html 12 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1976

UNA "TRAVESURA" DE LOS JÓVENES IDEALISTAS]</ref>On September 29th 1976 fierce fighting took place in the Floresta suburb of Buenos Aires, where one-hundred soldiers and policemen were forced to use bazookas and armored cars against heavily armed guerrillas.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7k40AAAAIBAJ&sjid=OWcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1952,5810098&dq= "Troops Clash With Guerrillas"]. ''Sarasota Herald-Tribune'' (29 September 1976).</ref>On October 2nd, Lieutenant-General Jorge Videla narrowly escaped death when a bomb packed in metal tubing supporting a reviewing stand at the Campo de Mayo army barracks exploded only moments after he left.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KeVVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4OADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6997,382239&dq= Argentina's chief escapes blasts, Eugene Resister-Guard, 3 October 1976]. Google News.</ref>On October 4th 1976, Buenos Aires police foiled a leftist terror attack against American actress Rita Hayworth and members of the local press, during her widely publicized stay in the Sheraton Hotel.<ref>[https://www.infobae.com/historia-argentina/2019/06/11/documentos-desclasificados-los-frustrados-atentados-guerrilleros-contra-videla-y-rita-hayworth-durante-la-dictadura/ Documentos desclasificados: los frustrados atentados guerrilleros contra Videla y Rita Hayworth durante la dictadura]</ref>On October 17th a bomb blast in an Army Club Cinema in downtown Buenos Aires killed 11 and wounded about 50 officers and attending family members.<ref>The Disappeared: Voices From A Secret War, John Simpson, Jana Bennett, p. 95, Robson Books, 1985</ref>On December 15th, another bomb planted in a Defense Ministry movie hall killed 14 senior officers and injured another 30 military men and accompanying family members.<ref>"Montoneros explode fragmentation bomb in Defense Ministry killing fourteen senior officers and injuring thirty." Argentina, 1943-1987: The National Revolution and Resistance, Donald Clark Hodges, p. 310, University of New Mexico Press, 1988</ref>By the first anniversary of the coup that ousted President [[Isabel Martínez de Perón|Isabel Perón]], 124 soldiers and police had been killed combating left-wing guerrillas and militants<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,918823,00.html?iid=chix-sphere|title=Hope from a Clockwork Coup|work=Time|date=11 April 1977}}</ref> in what the military referred to as, "the Dirty War".

During 1977, in just Buenos Aires alone, 36 police were reported killed combating left-wing guerrillas and militants.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3V8zAAAAIBAJ&sjid=SSMIAAAAIBAJ&pg=2624,506767&dq= Buenos Aires police at war with leftists]</ref>

During 1977, in just Buenos Aires alone, 36 police were reported killed combating left-wing guerrillas and militants.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3V8zAAAAIBAJ&sjid=SSMIAAAAIBAJ&pg=2624,506767&dq= Buenos Aires police at war with leftists]</ref>