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'''Martin Van Buren''' (born as Maarten van Buren, 1782-1862) was an American statesman and the 8th [[President of the United States of America]], 1837 to 1841. He was nicknamed "The Little Magician" and "The Red Fox of Kinderhook" to "Old Kinderhook." He was the main founder of the modern [[Democrat Party]] and articulated [[Jacksonian Democracy]].

'''Martin Van Buren''' (born as Maarten van Buren, 1782-1862) was an American statesman and the 8th [[President of the United States of America]], 1837 to 1841. He was nicknamed "The Little Magician" and "The Red Fox of Kinderhook" to "Old Kinderhook." He was the main founder of the modern [[Democrat Party]] and articulated [[Jacksonian Democracy]].

From his base in New York state he collaborated with [[Andrew Jackson]] to create the new Democrat Party, and was campaign director for Jackson his victories in 1828 and 1832. Van Buren was elected himself in 1836, but was unable to reverse the Depression of 1837, and was defeated for reelection by a newly invigorated [[Whig Party]] under [[William Henry Harrison]].  As a leader of the anti-slavery Democrats who supported the [[Wilmot Proviso]] against the expansion of slavery, he founded the [[Free Soil Party]] and was its presidential nominee in 1848.

From his base in New York state he collaborated with [[Andrew Jackson]] to create the new Democrat Party, and was campaign director for Jackson his victories in 1828 and 1832. Van Buren was elected himself in 1836, but was unable to reverse the Depression of 1837, and was defeated for reelection by a newly invigorated [[Whig Party]] under [[William Henry Harrison]].  Temporarily opposed to slavery,<ref>[https://www.accessible-archives.com/2017/08/martin-van-buren-slavery/ Martin Van Buren and Slavery]</ref> he was a leader of the anti-slavery Democrats who supported the [[Wilmot Proviso]] against the expansion of slavery, and he founded the [[Free Soil Party]], being its presidential nominee in 1848.

==Family==

==Family==

==Jacksonian leader==

==Jacksonian leader==

By 1828 he had changed his political allegiance to Jackson, becoming his confidential political adviser and in 1828 managing his election campaign in the northeast.  Van Buren was rewarded as secretary of state. Internal factionalism beset Jackson's cabinet; Van Buren opposed Vice President [[John C. Calhoun]]. Carefully avoiding any conflicts with Jackson's close friends in the "Kitchen Cabinet" (Jackson's informal advisors) he became one of the most reliable supporters of the president. When [[Peggy Eaton]], wife of the secretary of war, was ostracized by senior officials (on rumors she once was a prostitute), Jackson supported Eaton and Van Buren went out of his way to befriend her. He vigorously supporting Jackson in trying to destroy the [[Second Bank of the United States]], over the opposition of the business community. Van Buren helped Jackson by obtaining the New York legislature’s official  endorsement of Jackson’s stern warnings against South Carolina in the [[Nullification Crisis]].  By 1831 Jackson made it clear that Van Buren would be his vice-presidential running mate in 1832.  Appointed minister to the Court of St. James (i.e. ambassador to Britain) in 1831, Van Buren arrived in London only to find that Calhoun had blocked his confirmation in the Senate. During the next year he made a tour of Europe and returned to the States after he had been nominated for the vice-presidency. He was elected with Jackson, who defeated [[Whig Party]] candidate [[Henry Clay]].   

By 1828 he had changed his political allegiance to Jackson, becoming his confidential political adviser and in 1828 managing his election campaign in the northeast.  Van Buren was rewarded as secretary of state. Internal factionalism beset Jackson's cabinet; Van Buren opposed Vice President [[John C. Calhoun]]. Carefully avoiding any conflicts with Jackson's close friends in the "Kitchen Cabinet" (Jackson's informal advisors) he became one of the most reliable supporters of the president. When [[Peggy Eaton]], wife of the secretary of war, was ostracized by senior officials (on rumors she once was a prostitute), Jackson supported Eaton and Van Buren went out of his way to befriend her. He vigorously supporting Jackson in trying to destroy the [[Second Bank of the United States]], over the opposition of the business community. Van Buren helped Jackson by obtaining the New York legislature’s official  endorsement of Jackson’s stern warnings against South Carolina in the [[Nullification Crisis]].  By 1831 Jackson made it clear that Van Buren would be his vice-presidential running mate in 1832.  Appointed minister to the Court of St. James (i.e. ambassador to Britain) in 1831, Van Buren arrived in London only to find that Calhoun had blocked his confirmation in the Senate. During the next year he made a tour of Europe and returned to the States after he had been nominated for the vice-presidency. He was elected with Jackson, who defeated [[Whig Party]] candidate [[Henry Clay]].   

==President 1837-1841==

==President 1837-1841==