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| | In August 2019, ''The Chicago Tribune'' reported, "South Bend at center of abortion debate as unlicensed clinic supported by Mayor Pete Buttigieg is allowed to open."<ref>https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-south-bend-abortion-clinic-20190806-2glq5hlgyfejvbvhbk2dknhbme-story.html</ref> | | In August 2019, ''The Chicago Tribune'' reported, "South Bend at center of abortion debate as unlicensed clinic supported by Mayor Pete Buttigieg is allowed to open."<ref>https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-south-bend-abortion-clinic-20190806-2glq5hlgyfejvbvhbk2dknhbme-story.html</ref> |
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| | + | ===Gramsci=== |
| | + | [[Antonio Gramsci]] was a lieutenant of [[Joseph Stalin]] who headed the [[Italian]] branch of the International Communist movement ([[Comintern]]). After several failed assassination attempts on Mussolini, Gramsci was imprisoned in 1926 until his death in 1937. While in prison Gramsci wrote his ''Prison Notebooks'', speculating on the failure of [[violent]] [[revolution]] to materialize in [[Western Europe]] as [[Karl Marx]] had predicted. Gramsci's works are considered by [[Socialists]] to be foundational to modern [[public education]] and [[Cultural Marxism]].<ref>https://www.jstor.org/stable/23768314?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents</ref><ref>https://www.marxists.org/archive/gramsci/prison_notebooks/problems/education.htm</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdTTr4iYT0M</ref> |
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| | + | Joseph A. Buttigieg, Pete Buttigieg's father, according to his faculty page at [[Notre Dame]] University, {{quotebox|"interests are modern literature, [[critical theory]], and the relationship between culture and politics. In addition to numerous articles, Buttigieg...is also the editor and translator of the multi-volume complete critical edition of ''Antonio Gramsci's Prison Notebooks''...his articles on Gramsci have been translated into Italian, German, Spanish, Portuguese, and Japanese. He was a founding member of the International Gramsci Society of which he is the executive secretary."<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20100616163619/http://english.nd.edu/faculty/profiles/joseph-a-buttigieg/</ref>}} |
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| | + | Gramsci's theory of "cultural hegemony" states that the ruling capitalist "oppressor" class uses cultural institutions, such as "traditional marriage," to maintain power. The "oppressors" develop a "hegemonic culture" using [[ideology]] unlike Socialists who use [[violence]], economic force, and coercion. "Hegemonic culture" propagates its own values and norms so that they become "[[common sense]]" values and thus maintain the [[status quo]]. According to [[Wikipedia]], this "Hegemonic power is therefore used to maintain consent to the capitalist order, rather than coercive power using force" as Marxism does "to maintain order. This cultural hegemony is produced and reproduced" by the dominant Christian oppressor class "through the institutions that form the superstructure." |
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| | + | Somewhat analogous to the societal context of Mayor Pete Buttigieg and relevant to his tactics, the period in which Gramsci did most of his work was one in which [[the left]] had experienced a terrible defeat. Writing from his prison cell in Fascist Italy, Gramsci was trying to comprehend how the left had lost so much ground, and what could be done while out of power in order to to prepare for a return to leadership. He concluded that the answer "had a lot to do with culture—religion, civil society, literature, and intellectual work." <ref>Sara Marcus (February 12, 2019) [https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/buttigieg-gramsci-indiana-president What a Midwestern Presidential Candidate Learned From Marxist Intellectuals] The Nation, Retrieved 01/26/20</ref> |
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| | ===Family=== | | ===Family=== |