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Line 1: − + − + + + − + − </ref> − − Pressure grew in the United States for President William McKinley to intervene, and when the U.S.S. Maine mysteriously blew up in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898 (probably due to an accident), President McKinley approved this Resolution of Congress: + +
→As a Territory (History): + a lot of info, happiness
'''Cuba''' is an island located in the [[Caribbean Sea]], 90 miles south of Florida. It is the only [[Communist]] country in the American continent.
'''Cuba''' is an island located in the [[Caribbean Sea]], 90 miles south of Florida. It is the only [[Communist]] country in the American continent.
==As a Territory (History)==
==History==
For many years, Cuba was an [[United States]] territory. During this time, Cuba relied on [[slavery]] longer than any other nation or colony in the Western Hemisphere. Cuba had a slave trade from 1521 to the late 1870s, including the famous [[triangular trade]]. In 1868, a Creole farmer started a revolution for racial equality, freedom of speech and association. It was then a colony of Spain, which put down the insurgency after a ten-year struggle. In 1880, the Spanish Cortes approved the [[abolition]] law, which provided for an eight-year period of ''patronato'' (tutelage) for all slaves liberated according to the law. This only amounted to indentured servitude as slaves were required to spend those eight years working for their masters at no charge. On October 7, 1886, slavery was finally abolished in Cuba by a royal decree that also made the patronato illegal.
In 1492, Cuba was [[Christopher Columbus]]'s first sight in his first and most famous voyage to the Americas. <ref>Gott, Richard, Cuba A New History. Yale University Press. 13</ref> The Seven Years' War, which erupted in 1754 in three continents, eventually arrived at the Spanish Caribbean. Spain's alliance with the French pitched them in direct conflict with the British, and in 1762 an expedition set out from Portsmouth of 5 warships and 4000 troops to capture Cuba. The English arrived on June 6, and by August had Havana under siege. When Havana surrendered, British Admiral of the fleet George Keppel, the 3rd Earl of Albemarle, entered the city as conquering new governor, taking control of the whole western part of the island.
For many years, Cuba was an [[United States]] territory. During this time, Cuba relied on [[slavery]] longer than all nations in the Western Hemisphere except Brazil. Cuba had a slave trade from 1521 to 1884.{{fact}} In 1868, a Creole farmer started a revolution for racial equality, freedom of speech and association. It was then a colony of Spain, which put down the insurgency after a ten-year struggle. In 1880, the Spanish Cortes approved the [[abolition]] law, which provided for an eight-year period of ''patronato'' (tutelage) for all slaves liberated according to the law. This only amounted to indentured servitude as slaves were required to spend those eight years working for their masters at no charge. On October 7, 1884, slavery was finally abolished in Cuba by a royal decree that also made the patronato illegal.
<ref>[http://www.historyofcuba.com/history/funfacts/slavery.htm Abolition of Slavery - History of Cuba]</ref>
<ref>[http://www.historyofcuba.com/history/funfacts/slavery.htm Abolition of Slavery - History of Cuba]</ref>
By 1895 it took 200,000 Spanish soldiers to suppress the Cuban independence movement. Americans were shocked at how Spain sent tens of thousands of Cubans to concentration camps, where many died of starvation or disease. However, publisher [[William Randolph Hearst]] fabricated a great number of these atrocities in an attempt to sell newspapers. When painter [[Frederic Remington]] wrote Hearst that 'there is no trouble (in Cuba) and there will be no war,' Hearst famously replied 'You furnish the pictures, I'll furnish the war.' <ref>Sifakis, Car. ''The Big Book of Hoaxes''. New York: Paradox Press, 1996.
By 1895 it took 200,000 Spanish soldiers to suppress the Cuban independence movement.{{fact}} Americans were shocked at how Spain sent tens of thousands of Cubans to concentration camps, where many died of starvation or disease. After increasing tension between the United States and Spain, Spain, in a move that proved to be fatal, blew up the USS Maine and the United States declared the Spanish American War. President McKinley approved this Resolution of Congress:
:Whereas the abhorrent conditions which have existed for more than three years in the island of Cuba, so near our own borders, have shocked the moral sense of the people of the United States, have been a disgrace to Christian civilization, culminating, as they have, in the destruction of a United States battle ship, with 266 of its officers and crew, while on a friendly visit in the harbor of Havana, and cannot longer be endured ...
:Whereas the abhorrent conditions which have existed for more than three years in the island of Cuba, so near our own borders, have shocked the moral sense of the people of the United States, have been a disgrace to Christian civilization, culminating, as they have, in the destruction of a United States battle ship, with 266 of its officers and crew, while on a friendly visit in the harbor of Havana, and cannot longer be endured ...
:Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives ... That the people of the island of Cuba are and of right ought to be free.
:Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives ... That the people of the island of Cuba are and of right ought to be free.
Although the [[Teller Amendment]] prevented the United States from aquiring Cuba (in addition to Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines), the United States temporarily took control of Cuba until 1902, and when they handed over control to a Cuban Government, they required that the Platt Ammendment be passed, allowing the U.S. to still have some control over the island.
In 1952 elections were held, with the leading parties finishing as [[Roberto Agramonte]], [[Ortodoxos party]], followed by Dr. [[Aurelio Hevia]] with [[Batista]] being a far thrid place. This prompted Batista to stage a coup on [[10 March]] [[1952]] and led a military Junta for two years. In 1954 he agreed to elections, which were then rigged. His regime proved unpopular with high levels of corruption, poverty and police and violence.
In 1952 elections were held, with the leading parties finishing as [[Roberto Agramonte]], [[Ortodoxos party]], followed by Dr. [[Aurelio Hevia]] with [[Batista]] being a far thrid place. This prompted Batista to stage a coup on [[10 March]] [[1952]] and led a military Junta for two years. In 1954 he agreed to elections, which were then rigged. His regime proved unpopular with high levels of corruption, poverty and police and violence.