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Hinokitiol (β-thujaplicin) is a naturally occurring [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinokitiol monoterpenoid] found in the wooden part of trees in the family [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinokitiol Cupressaceae]. It is a tropolone derivative and is extensively used in oral care and treatment products for its potent broad-spectrum antiviral,[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18922875/ [1]] antimicrobial[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10513629/ [2]] and anti-inflammatory [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25952949/ [3]] properties. Hinokitiol is a Zinc, and Iron Ionophore additionally approved as a food additive.[https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jhep/43/2/43_299/_article/-char/ja/ [4]]
It was first isolated in Taiwanese hinoki in 1936, signifying the origin of the name Hinokitiol. It is almost absent in Japanese hinoki now. At the same time, it is still contained in high concentration (about 0.04% of heartwood mass) in Juniperus Cedrus, Hiba cedarwood (Thujopsis dolabrata) and Western red cedar (Thuja plicata). It can be easily extracted from the cedarwood with solvent and ultrasonication.[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/tcr.201200024 [5<nowiki>]</nowiki>] [https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/hfsg/61/2/article-p190.xml [6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
Hinokitiol is similar to a tropolone in structure, which lacks the isopropyl substituent. Tropolones are active chelating agents.
'''Antimicrobial activity'''
Hinokitiol has a wide range of biological activities, many of which have been discovered and specified in the literature. The first, and most famous, is the potent antimicrobial activity against many bacteria and fungi, regardless of antibiotic resistance. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0944501312001462?via%3Dihub [7<nowiki>]</nowiki>][https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bio1996/12/3/12_3_101/_article [8<nowiki>]</nowiki>] To be precise, Hinokitiol has shown to be effective against Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus Aureus, common human pathogens. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040402/ [9<nowiki>]</nowiki>][https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1348-0421.12688 [10<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Additionally, Hinokitiol has been demonstrated to have inhibitory effects on Chlamydia trachomatis and may be clinically beneficial as a topical drug. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1140513/ [11<nowiki>]</nowiki>][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8383-4661-8 [12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
It was first isolated in Taiwanese hinoki in 1936, signifying the origin of the name Hinokitiol. It is almost absent in Japanese hinoki now. At the same time, it is still contained in high concentration (about 0.04% of heartwood mass) in Juniperus Cedrus, Hiba cedarwood (Thujopsis dolabrata) and Western red cedar (Thuja plicata). It can be easily extracted from the cedarwood with solvent and ultrasonication.[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/tcr.201200024 [5<nowiki>]</nowiki>] [https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/hfsg/61/2/article-p190.xml [6<nowiki>]</nowiki>]
Hinokitiol is similar to a tropolone in structure, which lacks the isopropyl substituent. Tropolones are active chelating agents.
'''Antimicrobial activity'''
Hinokitiol has a wide range of biological activities, many of which have been discovered and specified in the literature. The first, and most famous, is the potent antimicrobial activity against many bacteria and fungi, regardless of antibiotic resistance. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0944501312001462?via%3Dihub [7<nowiki>]</nowiki>][https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bio1996/12/3/12_3_101/_article [8<nowiki>]</nowiki>] To be precise, Hinokitiol has shown to be effective against Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus Aureus, common human pathogens. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040402/ [9<nowiki>]</nowiki>][https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1348-0421.12688 [10<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Additionally, Hinokitiol has been demonstrated to have inhibitory effects on Chlamydia trachomatis and may be clinically beneficial as a topical drug. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1140513/ [11<nowiki>]</nowiki>][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8383-4661-8 [12<nowiki>]</nowiki>]