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| − | '''Carter Glass''' (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was a [[progressive]] [[segregation]]ist [[Democrat]] from [[Virginia]] who served as a United States senator and [[Secretary of the Treasury]] under President [[Woodrow Wilson]]. He was also a [[fiscal conservative]] who allied with [[Harry F. Byrd]] in opposing most of the [[New Deal]].
| + | {{Officeholder |
| | + | |name=Carter Glass |
| | + | |image=Portrait of Carter Glass.jpg |
| | + | |party=[[Democrat]] |
| | + | |spouse=Aurelia McDearmon Caldwell (died 1937)<br>Mary Scott |
| | + | |religion= |
| | + | |offices= |
| | + | {{Officeholder/senator |
| | + | |state=Virginia |
| | + | |terms=February 2, 1920 – May 28, 1946 |
| | + | |preceded=Thomas S. Martin |
| | + | |status=f |
| | + | |succeeded=Thomas G. Burch |
| | + | }} |
| | + | {{Officeholder/secretary (cabinet) |
| | + | |of=the Treasury |
| | + | |state=United States |
| | + | |number=47th |
| | + | |president=[[Woodrow Wilson]] |
| | + | |terms=December 16, 1918 – February 1, 1920 |
| | + | |preceded=William McAdoo |
| | + | |former=y |
| | + | |succeeded=David F. Houston |
| | + | }} |
| | + | {{Officeholder/representative |
| | + | |state=Virginia |
| | + | |district=6th |
| | + | |terms=November 4, 1902 – December 16, 1918 |
| | + | |preceded=Peter J. Otey |
| | + | |former=y |
| | + | |succeeded=James P. Woods |
| | + | }} |
| | + | {{Officeholder/state senator |
| | + | |state=Virginia |
| | + | |district=20th |
| | + | |terms=December 6, 1899 – November 4, 1902 |
| | + | |preceded=Adam Clement |
| | + | |former=y |
| | + | |succeeded=Dan P. Halsey |
| | + | }} |
| | + | }} |
| | | | |
| − | Glass is mostly known for his role in addressing [[banking]] and the establishment of the [[Federal Reserve]].<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/us-history-biographies/carter-glass Glass, Carter]. ''encylopedia.com''. Retrieved April 21, 2021.</ref> | + | '''Carter Glass''' (January 4, 1858 – May 28, 1946) was a [[progressive]] [[segregation]]ist [[Democrat]] from [[Virginia]] who served as a United States senator and [[Secretary of the Treasury]] under President [[Woodrow Wilson]]. He was also a [[fiscal conservative]] who allied with [[Harry F. Byrd]] in opposing most of the [[New Deal]]. Self-taught, Senator Glass was the leading Democrat to oppose [[FDR]], and in particular blocked his [[court packing]] scheme. |
| | | | |
| | + | Glass was prominent in addressing [[banking]] and the establishment of the [[Federal Reserve]].<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/us-history-biographies/carter-glass Glass, Carter]. ''encylopedia.com''. Retrieved April 21, 2021.</ref> He sponsored the landmark Glass-Steagall Banking Act in 1933.<ref>https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2019/03/30/carter-glass-the-most-significant-american-senator-in-banking-history/</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==Virginia state politics== |
| | + | Glass was elected to the Virginia legislature in 1899.<ref name="Carter Glass: The Most Significant Legislator in American Banking History">[https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2019/03/30/carter-glass-the-most-significant-american-senator-in-banking-history/ Carter Glass: The Most Significant Legislator in American Banking History]. ''Fascinating Politics''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> Glass was mostly responsible for the disenfranchisement of blacks in [[Virginia]] during the 1901–02 state constitutional convention through the use of [[poll tax]]es and [[literacy test]]s after the Southern Democrats took power.<ref>[https://roanoke.com/opinion/editorials/editorial-is-it-time-to-reappraise-carter-glass/article_bd04976a-1ff8-5256-a1df-e9ea41871e58.html Editorial: Is it time to reappraise Carter Glass?]. ''The Roanoke Times''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> The same convention also instituted [[progressive]] "reforms" aimed at targeting [[corporation]]s.<ref name="Carter Glass: The Most Significant Legislator in American Banking History"/> |
| | + | |
| | + | While Glass would sometimes show respect for individual blacks he knew, he viewed down on them as not being equal to whites.<ref name="Carter Glass: The Most Significant Legislator in American Banking History"/> |
| | + | |
| | + | [[File:Harry Byrd and Carter Glass.jpg|thumb|left|210px|Glass (left) with [[Harry F. Byrd|Harry Flood Byrd, Sr.]] (right).]] |
| | ==U.S. Senate== | | ==U.S. Senate== |
| − | Along with [[Harry F. Byrd]], Glass came to oppose the [[New Deal]] in the Senate. Despite endorsing [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] for re-election in 1936, he expressed his disdain towards the federal programs spearheaded by the president.<ref>[https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/glass-carter-1858-1946/ Glass, Carter (1858–1946)]. ''Encyclopedia Virginia''. Retrieved April 21, 2021.</ref> | + | Glass supported [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] for president in the [[United States presidential election, 1932|1932 election]].<ref name="Glass, Carter (1858–1946)">[https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/glass-carter-1858-1946/ Glass, Carter (1858–1946)]. ''Encyclopedia Virginia''. Retrieved April 21, 2021.</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | Along with [[Harry F. Byrd]], Glass initially supported some [[New Deal]] programs in the Senate though soon turned against them.<ref>[https://knoxfocus.com/archives/carter-glass-of-virginia/ Carter Glass of Virginia]. ''The Knoxville Focus''. Retrieved April 21, 2021.</ref> He backed the [[Tennessee Valley Authority]] in the early years of FDR's presidency as well as the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]],<ref>[https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2824&context=etd Civilian Conservation Corps in Virginia, 1933-1942]. ''University of Montana''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> which he would oppose a decade later. Despite endorsing Roosevelt for re-election in 1936, he quickly expressed his strong disdain towards the federal programs spearheaded by the president.<ref name="Glass, Carter (1858–1946)"/> Glass would effectively oppose Roosevelt's domestic policies after the 1937 [[court packing]] attempt.<ref>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/news-and-education-magazines/supreme-court-1934-1938 Supreme Court 1934-1938]. ''encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved April 22, 2021.</ref> |
| | + | |
| | + | ==See also== |
| | + | *[[Absalom Robertson]] |
| | + | *[[Howard W. Smith]] |
| | | | |
| | ==References== | | ==References== |
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| | *[https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=G000232 Profile] at the ''Biographical Directory of the United States Congress | | *[https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=G000232 Profile] at the ''Biographical Directory of the United States Congress |
| | *[https://www.federalreservehistory.org/people/carter-glass Biography] at ''Federal Reserve History | | *[https://www.federalreservehistory.org/people/carter-glass Biography] at ''Federal Reserve History |
| | + | *[https://home.treasury.gov/about/history/prior-secretaries/carter-glass-1918-1920 Profile] at ''U.S. Department of the Treasury |
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| | {{DEFAULTSORT:Glass, Carter}} | | {{DEFAULTSORT:Glass, Carter}} |
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| | [[Category:Democrats]] | | [[Category:Democrats]] |
| | [[Category:Former United States Senators]] | | [[Category:Former United States Senators]] |
| | + | [[Category:Former United States Representatives]] |
| | + | [[Category:State Senators]] |
| | + | [[Category:New Deal]] |
| | + | [[Category:Broke with FDR]] |
| | + | [[Category:Banks]] |
| | + | [[Category:Progressive Era]] |
| | [[Category:Progressivism]] | | [[Category:Progressivism]] |
| | + | [[Category:Racism]] |
| | + | [[Category:Bigotry]] |