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==Background==

==Background==

Born in Nahant in Essex County, Massachusetts,  Lodge was the son of George Cabot Lodge, Sr. (1873-1909), who died at the age of thirty-five when his son was only seven years of age. His mother was the former Mathilda Elizabeth Frelinghuysen Davis (1876-1960). He was the grandson of the first Senator [[Henry Cabot Lodge]],<ref name=findagrave>{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2837/henry-cabot-lodge|title=Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.|publisher=Findagrave.com|accessdate=April 27, 2020}}</ref> the nemesis of [[Woodrow Wilson]]'s efforts in 1919 to place the United States into the [[League of Nations]]. His maternal great-grandfather was [[United States Secretary of State]] Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen.  

Born in Nahant in Essex County, Massachusetts,  Lodge was the son of George Cabot Lodge, Sr. (1873-1909), who died at the age of thirty-five when his son was only seven years of age. His mother was the former Mathilda Elizabeth Frelinghuysen Davis (1876-1960). He was the grandson of the first Senator [[Henry Cabot Lodge]], the nemesis of [[Woodrow Wilson]]'s efforts in 1919 to place the United States into the [[League of Nations]]. His maternal great-grandfather was [[United States Secretary of State]] Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen.  

==Political legacy==

==Political legacy==

After graduating from the exclusive St. Albans School in [[Washington, D.C.]], and [[Harvard University]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]], Massachusetts, he worked for a time in the [[newspaper]] business and served from 1932 to 1936 as a state representative for Essex County. In 1936, he defeated Democratic [[Governor]] James Michael Curley for the United States Senate and served from 1937 to 1944, when he resigned from the body for [[World War II]] service in [[Italy]] and [[France]] during [[World War II]]. Thereafter he became a major general in the [[United States Army]] Reserve. In the Republican congressional year of 1946, Lodge defeated incumbent Democratic Senator David I. Walsh to return to the upper house of Congress.​ In 1952, he was an early supporter of [[Dwight Eisenhower]], a Moderate Republican, for his party's presidential nomination. Though Eisenhower was nominated over the more [[conservative]] [[Robert A. Taft]], a U.S. Senator from [[Ohio]] and the son of former President [[William Howard Taft]]. Eisenhower then defeated in the first of their two contests for President, the Democrat [[Adlai Stevenson]], former governor of [[Illinois]]. In that same election, Lodge lost his Senate seat to the Democrat [[U.S. Representative]] John F. Kennedy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=l000394|title=Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr. - Biographical Information|publisher=bioguide.congress.gov|access-date=April 27, 2020}}</ref>

After graduating from the exclusive St. Albans School in [[Washington, D.C.]], and [[Harvard University]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]], Massachusetts, he worked for a time in the [[newspaper]] business and served from 1932 to 1936 as a state representative for Essex County. In 1936, he defeated Democratic [[Governor]] James Michael Curley for the United States Senate and served from 1937 to 1944, when he resigned from the body for [[World War II]] service in [[Italy]] and [[France]] during [[World War II]]. Thereafter he became a major general in the [[United States Army]] Reserve. In the Republican congressional year of 1946, Lodge defeated incumbent Democratic Senator David I. Walsh to return to the upper house of Congress.​ In 1952, he was an early supporter of [[Dwight Eisenhower]], a Moderate Republican, for his party's presidential nomination. Though Eisenhower was nominated over the more [[conservative]] [[Robert A. Taft]], a U.S. Senator from [[Ohio]] and the son of former President [[William Howard Taft]]. Eisenhower then defeated in the first of their two contests for President, the Democrat [[Adlai Stevenson]], former governor of [[Illinois]]. In that same election, Lodge lost his Senate seat to the Democrat [[U.S. Representative]] John F. Kennedy.

The next year Eisenhower appointed Lodge as Ambassador to the United States, a [[Cabinet]]-level post that he retained until the 1960 presidential election aaign. After the defeat in 1960, Kennedy appointed his former rival Lodge to be the Ambassador to South Vietnam, in which capacity Lodge supported the 1963 South Vietnamese coup that led to the murder of President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] and Diem's brother, Ngo Dinh Nhu. While in Viet Nam, he won the [[New Hampshire]] presidential [[primary]] of 1964 in a write-in contest without campaigning. Richard Nixon also received write-in-vote in the 1964 primary. The eventual nominee, [[Barry Goldwater]] of [[Arizona]], was handily defeated by Lyndon Johnson. He held other positions under presidents of both parties and was part of the U.S. delegation to the prolonged Paris Peace Accords, which first convened in of 1968. That same year, Richard Nixon was again the Republican presidential nominee; he tapped [[Spiro T. Agnew]], the governor of [[Maryland]] for the second slot, rather than Lodge, and went on to defeat Democrat [[Hubert Humphrey]] of [[Minnesota]].

The next year Eisenhower appointed Lodge as Ambassador to the United States, a [[Cabinet]]-level post that he retained until the 1960 presidential election aaign. After the defeat in 1960, Kennedy appointed his former rival Lodge to be the Ambassador to South Vietnam, in which capacity Lodge supported the 1963 South Vietnamese coup that led to the murder of President [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] and Diem's brother, Ngo Dinh Nhu. While in Viet Nam, he won the [[New Hampshire]] presidential [[primary]] of 1964 in a write-in contest without campaigning. Richard Nixon also received write-in-vote in the 1964 primary. The eventual nominee, [[Barry Goldwater]] of [[Arizona]], was handily defeated by Lyndon Johnson. He held other positions under presidents of both parties and was part of the U.S. delegation to the prolonged Paris Peace Accords, which first convened in of 1968. That same year, Richard Nixon was again the Republican presidential nominee; he tapped [[Spiro T. Agnew]], the governor of [[Maryland]] for the second slot, rather than Lodge, and went on to defeat Democrat [[Hubert Humphrey]] of [[Minnesota]].

Lodge died at the age of eighty-two in Beverly, Massachusetts, and is interred at Mt. Auburn Cemetery in Middlesex County, some four miles west of [[Boston]].​<ref name=findagrave/> His younger brother, John Davis Lodge (1903-1985), a former governor of [[Connecticut]] and ambassador to [[Spain]], [[Argentina]], and [[Switzerland]],  died eight months after his brother's passing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7392/john-davis-lodge|title=John Davis Lodge|publisher=Findagrave.com|accessdate=April 27, 2020}}</ref> Lodge's older son, George Cabot Lodge, Jr., [[professor]]-emeritus at the Harvard Business School, was the unsuccessful Republican nominee in 1962 for the Senate seat that Kennedy had vacated to become president. Like his father, a Moderate Republican, he lost to Kennedy's younger brother, [[Ted Kennedy]], who then held the seat with little opposition until his death in 2010.

Lodge died at the age of eighty-two in Beverly, Massachusetts, and is interred at Mt. Auburn Cemetery in Middlesex County, some four miles west of [[Boston]].​ His younger brother, John Davis Lodge (1903-1985), a former governor of [[Connecticut]] and ambassador to [[Spain]], [[Argentina]], and [[Switzerland]],  died eight months after his brother's passing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7392/john-davis-lodge|title=John Davis Lodge|publisher=Findagrave.com|accessdate=April 27, 2020}}</ref> Lodge's older son, George Cabot Lodge, Jr., [[professor]]-emeritus at the Harvard Business School, was the unsuccessful Republican nominee in 1962 for the Senate seat that Kennedy had vacated to become president. Like his father, a Moderate Republican, he lost to Kennedy's younger brother, [[Ted Kennedy]], who then held the seat with little opposition until his death in 2010.

The website fascinatingpolitics.com recalled Lodge's legacy in a 2020 article entitled "Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.: The Modern Republican Who Helped Make Two Presidents," referring to Lodge's key role in the nomination of Dwight Eisenhower in 1952 and that same year in his defeat for senator by John F. Kennedy, a campaign which the "Boston Brahmin" Lodge neglected and paid the price. Lodge appeared on the Republican ticket for vice president in 1960, but was unable to pry away Massachusetts from Kennedy, whereas his vice-presidential opponent, Senator Lyndon Johnson, worked to narrowly win his own [[Texas]]. Lodge accepted appointments in the three consecutive presidencies of Eisenhower, Kenney, and Johnson.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2020/04/01/henry-cabot-lodge-jr-the-modern-republican-who-helped-make-two-presidents/|title=Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.: The Modern Republican Who Helped Make Two Presidents|publisher=Fascinating politics.com|date=April 1, 2020|accessdate=May 9, 2020}}</ref>

The website fascinatingpolitics.com recalled Lodge's legacy in a 2020 article entitled "Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.: The Modern Republican Who Helped Make Two Presidents," referring to Lodge's key role in the nomination of Dwight Eisenhower in 1952 and that same year in his defeat for senator by John F. Kennedy, a campaign which the "Boston Brahmin" Lodge neglected and paid the price. Lodge appeared on the Republican ticket for vice president in 1960, but was unable to pry away Massachusetts from Kennedy, whereas his vice-presidential opponent, Senator Lyndon Johnson, worked to narrowly win his own [[Texas]]. Lodge accepted appointments in the three consecutive presidencies of Eisenhower, Kenney, and Johnson.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2020/04/01/henry-cabot-lodge-jr-the-modern-republican-who-helped-make-two-presidents/|title=Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.: The Modern Republican Who Helped Make Two Presidents|publisher=Fascinating politics.com|date=April 1, 2020|accessdate=May 9, 2020}}</ref>

==References==

==References==

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