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'''Margaret Madeline Chase Smith''' (December 14, 1897 – May 29, 1995) of Skowhegan, Maine, was the first woman elected to both houses of Congress. She replaced her late husband Clyde Smith in the House of Representatives 1940–49, and was elected to the Senate in 1948, serving 1949–73.  

'''Margaret Madeline Chase Smith''' (December 14, 1897 – May 29, 1995) of Skowhegan, Maine, was the first woman elected to both houses of Congress. She replaced her late husband Clyde Smith in the House of Representatives 1940–49, and was elected to the Senate in 1948, serving 1949–73.  

Smith was a liberal Northeastern Republican (or "Rockefeller Republican) and was defeated for reelection in 1972 by William Hathaway, a Democrat who was even more liberal, who attacked her for supporting the [[Vietnam War]]. She was notably honest, independent and courageous. Her concern for national defense during the [[Cold War]] led to service on the House Naval Affairs Committee and later several subcommittees of the Senate Armed Services Committee.  

Smith was a liberal Northeastern Republican (or "Rockefeller Republican). She was notably honest, independent and courageous. Her concern for national defense during the [[Cold War]] led to service on the House Naval Affairs Committee and later several subcommittees of the Senate Armed Services Committee.  

Smith led the fight for granting women regular status in the armed services during 1944-48. After passage by the Senate in 1947, a bill providing for regular status for women encountered opposition in the House of Representatives Armed Services Committee from several members who would agree only to reserve status for women. Through adroit political maneuvering, Smith forced the issue to the floor, thereby demonstrating that regular status had strong support in the House and ultimately insuring the passage of the Women's Armed Services Integration Act of 1948.<ref>See Sherman (1990)</ref>  

Smith led the fight for granting women regular status in the armed services during 1944-48. After passage by the Senate in 1947, a bill providing for regular status for women encountered opposition in the House of Representatives Armed Services Committee from several members who would agree only to reserve status for women. Through adroit political maneuvering, Smith forced the issue to the floor, thereby demonstrating that regular status had strong support in the House and ultimately insuring the passage of the Women's Armed Services Integration Act of 1948.<ref>See Sherman (1990)</ref>  

She was a nominal candidate for president in 1964. She did respectably well, considering her lack of organization, time, and money. As a speaker she was pleasant and smiling; reasoned in her answers and without invective, she campaigned on the issues.

She was a nominal candidate for president in 1964. She did respectably well, considering her lack of organization, time, and money. As a speaker she was pleasant and smiling; reasoned in her answers and without invective, she campaigned on the issues.

"Maggie's List", a political action committee founded in [[Florida]] in 2010 to help elect conservative women, is named after her.<ref>http://maggieslist.org/meetmaggie</ref>

Smith was defeated for reelection in 1972 by William Hathaway, a Democrat who was even more liberal, who attacked her for supporting the [[Vietnam War]].

==McCarthy==

====McCarthy====

She is remembered for her famous Declaration of Conscience in the 1950 in which she said:

She is remembered for her famous Declaration of Conscience in the 1950 in which she said:

{{Cquote|The American people are sick and tired of being afraid to speak their minds lest they be politically smeared as “Communists” or “Fascists” by their opponents.   

{{Cquote|The American people are sick and tired of being afraid to speak their minds lest they be politically smeared as “Communists” or “Fascists” by their opponents.   

I don’t want to see the Republican Party win that way.  While it might be a fleeting victory for the Republican Party, it would be a more lasting defeat for the American people.  Surely it would ultimately be suicide for the Republican Party and the two-party system that has protected our American liberties from the dictatorship of a one party system.<ref>http://americanrhetoric.com/speeches/margaretchasesmithconscience.html</ref>

I don’t want to see the Republican Party win that way.  While it might be a fleeting victory for the Republican Party, it would be a more lasting defeat for the American people.  Surely it would ultimately be suicide for the Republican Party and the two-party system that has protected our American liberties from the dictatorship of a one party system.<ref>http://americanrhetoric.com/speeches/margaretchasesmithconscience.html</ref>

}}

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==Further reading==

==Further reading==