Changes

===Early communist and socialist influence===

===Early communist and socialist influence===

Buttigieg's father, a [[communist]], Joseph Buttigieg, joined Notre Dame's faculty as a professor of modern European literature and literary theory in 1980.<ref>Larsen, Emily; Simonson, Joseph (April 2, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/pete-buttigiegs-father-was-a-marxist-professor-who-lauded-the-communist-manifesto Pete Buttigieg's father was a Marxist professor who lauded the Communist Manifesto]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved April 2, 2019.</ref> An only child, Buttigieg had always been close with his father, who passed away in 2019. The senior Buttigieg had a profound impact on "Mayor Pete." <ref>https://www.marieclaire.com/politics/a26867874/joseph-buttigieg-pete-buttigieg-father/</ref> Joseph Buttigieg supported a revised version of Marxism that dispensed with some of the more doctrinaire theories of Marx and Engel's, yet he was clearly Marxist. “Equity, environmental consciousness, and racial justice are surely some of the ingredients of a healthy Marxism" he wrote. According to Paul Kengor, Grove City College professor and expert in communism and progressivism, Buttigieg was among a group of leftist professors who focused on injecting Marxism into the wider culture.<ref>https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/pete-buttigiegs-father-was-a-marxist-professor-who-lauded-the-communist-manifesto</ref> The senior Buttigieg wrote that he found Marx's description of emancipation as the eradication of humans' alienation from each other and their alienation from their own productive and creative activity to be "compelling." And that to reach this ''kind of freedom'', "the many forms of oppressive structural relations must be confronted and altered and, just as important, the constitution of social agents cannot be limited to the liberal language of rights."<ref>Is the struggle for human rights a struggle for emancipation? [Boycott,_Divestment_and_Sanctions#Neve_Gordon|Neve Gordon], Jacinda Swanson, & Joseph A. Buttigieg, Rethinking Marxism: A Journal of Economics, Culture & Society, 12 January 2013 [http://www.bgu.ac.il/~ngordon/Marx%20Article.pdf]</ref>

Buttigieg's father, a [[communist]], Joseph Buttigieg, joined Notre Dame's faculty as a professor of modern European literature and literary theory in 1980.<ref>Larsen, Emily; Simonson, Joseph (April 2, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/pete-buttigiegs-father-was-a-marxist-professor-who-lauded-the-communist-manifesto Pete Buttigieg's father was a Marxist professor who lauded the Communist Manifesto]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved April 2, 2019.</ref> An only child, Buttigieg had always been close with his father, who passed away in 2019. The senior Buttigieg had a profound impact on "Mayor Pete." <ref>https://www.marieclaire.com/politics/a26867874/joseph-buttigieg-pete-buttigieg-father/</ref> Joseph Buttigieg supported a revised version of Marxism that dispensed with some of the more doctrinaire theories of Marx and Engel's, yet he was clearly Marxist. “Equity, environmental consciousness, and racial justice are surely some of the ingredients of a healthy Marxism" he wrote. According to Paul Kengor, Grove City College professor and expert in communism and progressivism, Buttigieg was among a group of leftist professors who focused on injecting Marxism into the wider culture.<ref>https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/pete-buttigiegs-father-was-a-marxist-professor-who-lauded-the-communist-manifesto</ref> The senior Buttigieg wrote that he found Marx's description of emancipation as the eradication of humans' alienation from each other and their alienation from their own productive and creative activity to be "compelling." And that to reach this ''kind of freedom'', "the many forms of oppressive structural relations must be confronted and altered and, just as important, the constitution of social agents cannot be limited to the liberal language of rights."<ref>Is the struggle for human rights a struggle for emancipation? [[Boycott,_Divestment_and_Sanctions#Neve_Gordon|Neve Gordon]], Jacinda Swanson, & Joseph A. Buttigieg, Rethinking Marxism: A Journal of Economics, Culture & Society, 12 January 2013 [http://www.bgu.ac.il/~ngordon/Marx%20Article.pdf]</ref>

===Ideological development in early educational years===

===Ideological development in early educational years===

In high school, Peter Buttigieg began thinking about running for political office, and he became senior-class president, valedictorian, and president of the school's chapter of Amnesty International, where he objected to the group's focus on "Ay-rabs." Later, Buttigieg wrote an essay commending the courage of then-congressman [[Bernie Sanders]]. Being invited to the JFK library, he met Senator [[Ted Kennedy]] who offered him an internship. Buttigieg was accepted to Harvard University where he became the student president at Harvard's Institute of Politics. The (very liberal) ''New Yorker'' described this role as being “sought by the most ambitious of the exceptionally ambitious." Buttigieg succeeded retired senator David Pryor (one of Bill Clinton's key political mentors) whom he thanked for providing “the political education we really needed." Buttigieg wrote a regular column for the ''Harvard Crimson'', in one of which raved about rap star [[Eminem]] who was ‘dumping it on White America,’ building a new narrative — aggressively American, abused, angry and alarming. As a high school senior in 2000, Buttigieg won the John F. Kennedy “Profiles in Courage” essay contest with a composition lauding Sanders as "a powerful force for conciliation and bi-partisanship on Capitol Hill”  and for his courage in calling himself a “socialist, "which, in today’s political atmosphere, is analogous to a self-inflicted gunshot wound," and expressing that Sanders was an inspiration for him.<ref> Brooke Singman (02/10/20)[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pete-buttigieg-dedicated-prize-winning-high-school-essay-to-bernie-sanders]Fox News. Retrieved 02/11/20</ref>  

In high school, Peter Buttigieg began thinking about running for political office, and he became senior-class president, valedictorian, and president of the school's chapter of Amnesty International, where he objected to the group's focus on "Ay-rabs." Later, Buttigieg wrote an essay commending the courage of then-congressman [[Bernie Sanders]]. Being invited to the JFK library, he met Senator [[Ted Kennedy]] who offered him an internship. Buttigieg was accepted to Harvard University where he became the student president at Harvard's Institute of Politics. The (very liberal) ''New Yorker'' described this role as being “sought by the most ambitious of the exceptionally ambitious." Buttigieg succeeded retired senator David Pryor (one of Bill Clinton's key political mentors) whom he thanked for providing “the political education we really needed." Buttigieg wrote a regular column for the ''Harvard Crimson'', in one of which raved about rap star [[Eminem]] who was ‘dumping it on White America,’ building a new narrative — aggressively American, abused, angry and alarming. As a high school senior in 2000, Buttigieg won the John F. Kennedy “Profiles in Courage” essay contest with a composition lauding Sanders as "a powerful force for conciliation and bi-partisanship on Capitol Hill”  and for his courage in calling himself a “socialist, "which, in today’s political atmosphere, is analogous to a self-inflicted gunshot wound," and expressing that Sanders was an inspiration for him.<ref> Brooke Singman (02/10/20)[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pete-buttigieg-dedicated-prize-winning-high-school-essay-to-bernie-sanders]Fox News. Retrieved 02/11/20</ref>