In [[History of China|Chinese history]], political cliques were often called “peng dang” (cabal). It is a synonym for “gang of scoundrels” in traditional Chinese culture, and the meaning implies ganging up for selfish purposes.<ref>http://www.ninecommentaries.com/english-2</ref>}} | In [[History of China|Chinese history]], political cliques were often called “peng dang” (cabal). It is a synonym for “gang of scoundrels” in traditional Chinese culture, and the meaning implies ganging up for selfish purposes.<ref>http://www.ninecommentaries.com/english-2</ref>}} |