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In 1945–46, the U.S. attempted to force a negotiated settlement between the KMT and the Communists, but failed.  In the face of economic collapse,<ref>See [[Harry Dexter White#Betrayal of the Kuomintang]]</ref> the Communists won the civil war in 1949 under [[Mao Zedong]] established a totalitarian regime, forcing the elected constitutional ROC Government to Taiwan. Taiwan is recognized as an integral part of China in theory, but in practice has been independent since 1949.  
 
In 1945–46, the U.S. attempted to force a negotiated settlement between the KMT and the Communists, but failed.  In the face of economic collapse,<ref>See [[Harry Dexter White#Betrayal of the Kuomintang]]</ref> the Communists won the civil war in 1949 under [[Mao Zedong]] established a totalitarian regime, forcing the elected constitutional ROC Government to Taiwan. Taiwan is recognized as an integral part of China in theory, but in practice has been independent since 1949.  
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====Anti-Landlordism campaign====
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===Anti-Landlordism campaign===
 
[[File:Anti-landlordism campaign.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Diorama depicting anti-landlordism, c. 1973.<ref>https://collections.lib.uwm.edu/digital/collection/agsphoto/id/44723</ref>]]
 
[[File:Anti-landlordism campaign.jpg|right|300px|thumb|Diorama depicting anti-landlordism, c. 1973.<ref>https://collections.lib.uwm.edu/digital/collection/agsphoto/id/44723</ref>]]
 
To seize real power, the CCP went on a nationwide anti-landlord campaign in rural areas and in cities, murdering landlords and their families, allegedly freeing the oppressed.  Landowners were tried in public kangaroo courts in village squares where they were openly shamed and mocked, accused of committing crimes against the people.  The land, however, was transferred to state ownership and not to the people, and Stalinist collectivization was imposed based upon the model implemented in the [[Ukraine]] in the 1930s (see [[Holodomor]]).
 
To seize real power, the CCP went on a nationwide anti-landlord campaign in rural areas and in cities, murdering landlords and their families, allegedly freeing the oppressed.  Landowners were tried in public kangaroo courts in village squares where they were openly shamed and mocked, accused of committing crimes against the people.  The land, however, was transferred to state ownership and not to the people, and Stalinist collectivization was imposed based upon the model implemented in the [[Ukraine]] in the 1930s (see [[Holodomor]]).
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