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:{{See also|People's Republic of China}}

:{{See also|People's Republic of China}}

In 1945–46, the U.S. attempted to force a negotiated settlement between the KMT and the Communists, but failed.  In the face of economic collapse,<ref>See [[Harry Dexter White#Betrayal of the Kuomintang]]</ref> the Communists won the civil war in 1949 under [[Mao Zedong]] established a totalitarian regime, forcing the elected constitutional ROC Government to Taiwan. Taiwan is recognized as an integral part of China in theory, but in practice has been independent since 1949.  

In 1945–46, the U.S. attempted to force a negotiated settlement between the KMT and the Communists, but failed.  In the face of economic collapse,<ref>See [[Harry Dexter White#Betrayal of the Kuomintang]]</ref> the Communists won the civil war in 1949 under [[Mao Zedong]] established a totalitarian regime, forcing the elected constitutional ROC Government to Taiwan. Taiwan is recognized as an integral part of China in theory, but in practice has been independent since 1949.

 

Throughout most of the [[Cold War]] era, the United States and its allies adopted a Two-China policy, referring to Mainland China as [[Red China]], and the allied Taiwanese government as [[Free China]].  The government of Taiwan held the permanent seat assigned to China on the United Nations Security Council from the founding of the United Nations Charter in 1945, until Red China's accession to the post in 1971.  Since 1971, Red China, or the Peoples Republic of China, has insisted upon a One-China policy in all its diplomatic relations.  The common reference to Mainland China as "China" proper in American academia and media, in accordance with PRC propaganda and its foreign policy stance, is a relatively late development of more recent decades.

===Anti-Landlordism campaign===

===Anti-Landlordism campaign===