Changes

The "moderate" Republicans Lincoln led were at odds with the Radicals and favored more reconciliatory Reconstruction policies, such as then-representative Blaine. Their ranks would later be joined during the Johnson presidency by some former Radical Republicans who were "reformers," including Sumner, [[Horace Greeley]], and [[Lyman Trumbull]].

The "moderate" Republicans Lincoln led were at odds with the Radicals and favored more reconciliatory Reconstruction policies, such as then-representative Blaine. Their ranks would later be joined during the Johnson presidency by some former Radical Republicans who were "reformers," including Sumner, [[Horace Greeley]], and [[Lyman Trumbull]].

Republican congressman [[Thomas A. Jenckes]] of [[Rhode Island]] during the presidency of [[Ulysses S. Grant]] introduced legislation pushing for mild civil service reform, which was enacted. Jenckes, who disregarded the plight of Southern blacks facing danger from white supremacist terrorists such as the Ku Klux Klan, left office before the congressional "Half-Breeds" obtained its reputation as a functioning bloc, though can be viewed as a forerunner.

Republican congressman [[Thomas A. Jenckes]] of [[Rhode Island]] during the presidency of [[Ulysses S. Grant]] introduced legislation pushing for mild civil service reform,<ref>[http://memory.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/2013/ms013048.pdf Thomas A. Jenckes Papers: A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress]. ''Library of Congress''. Retrieved November 28, 2021.</ref> which was enacted. Jenckes, who disregarded the plight of Southern blacks facing danger from white supremacist terrorists such as the Ku Klux Klan,<ref>Shugerman, Jed H. (March 21, 2013). [https://law.utexas.edu/colloquia/archive/papers-public/2012-2013/05-02-13_shugerman_creation_of_doj.pdf The Creation of the Department of Justice: Professionalization Without Civil Rights or Civil Service]. ''The University of Texas at Austin School of Law''. Retrieved November 28, 2021.</ref> left office before the congressional "Half-Breeds" obtained its reputation as a functioning bloc, though can be viewed as a forerunner.

==Ideology and leadership==

==Ideology and leadership==