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The Foundation Stone was a platform in the [[Holy of Holies]] that rose "three fingers" above the Temple floor. It was the resting place of the [[Ark of the Covenant]], which was lost at the time of the [[Babylonian exile]]. One difficulty with the central location theory is that the rock housed under the Dome was 58 by 51 feet. This is much larger than the Holy of Holies, which was only 20 by 20 cubits, or 30 by 30 feet.<ref>Blidstein, Gerald Y., "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/even-shetiyyah Even Shetiyyah]," ''Encyclopedia Judaica'', 1996.</ref>
The Foundation Stone was a platform in the [[Holy of Holies]] that rose "three fingers" above the Temple floor. It was the resting place of the [[Ark of the Covenant]], which was lost at the time of the [[Babylonian exile]]. One difficulty with the central location theory is that the rock housed under the Dome was 58 by 51 feet. This is much larger than the Holy of Holies, which was only 20 by 20 cubits, or 30 by 30 feet.<ref>Blidstein, Gerald Y., "[https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/even-shetiyyah Even Shetiyyah]," ''Encyclopedia Judaica'', 1996.</ref>
[[File:Dome of the Rock and Chain Dome.jpg|thumb|left|Dome of the Rock and Dome of the Chain]]
'''Northern location.''' According to the "northern location" theory of Dr. Asher Kaufman, the Temple was north of the Dome, with the Holy of Holies located at what is now the Shrine of the Spirits. A review in ''Biblical Archaeological Review'' complained that Kaufman's "reconstruction of the Inner and Outer Courts of the Temple [are] geographically and physically untenable."<ref>Schwartz, Joshua, "[https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/reviews/the-temple-mount/ The Temple Mount: Where Is the Holy of Holies?]," ''Bible History Daily,'' January 11, 2012.</ref>
'''Northern location.''' According to the "northern location" theory of Dr. Asher Kaufman, the Temple was north of the Dome, with the Holy of Holies located at what is now the Shrine of the Spirits. A review in ''Biblical Archaeological Review'' complained that Kaufman's "reconstruction of the Inner and Outer Courts of the Temple [are] geographically and physically untenable."<ref>Schwartz, Joshua, "[https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/reviews/the-temple-mount/ The Temple Mount: Where Is the Holy of Holies?]," ''Bible History Daily,'' January 11, 2012.</ref>
According to legend, when the first Muslim conquerors took [[Jerusalem]], they approached the Temple Mount. There, the conqueror Umar (or Omar) called the Christian [[Patriarch]] Sophronius of the city before him to answer for the derelict state of the holy site. Insisting that such a site, sacred to all three religions, deserved respect, Umar insisted that the patriarch himself begin cleaning the mount.
According to legend, when the first Muslim conquerors took [[Jerusalem]], they approached the Temple Mount. There, the conqueror Umar (or Omar) called the Christian [[Patriarch]] Sophronius of the city before him to answer for the derelict state of the holy site. Insisting that such a site, sacred to all three religions, deserved respect, Umar insisted that the patriarch himself begin cleaning the mount.
[[File:Dome of the Rock interior.jpg|thumb|Interior of the Dome]]
The dome was built shortly thereafter, first in a primitive, wooden state from 687 to 691 by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān as a placeholder, and in its final spectacular version somewhat later. It suffered from earthquakes in 746, 1033, and 1927. This shrine was covered by a lead dome from 691 until it was replaced with a gold-colored covering in 1965. Because of rust, the anodized aluminum cover was again replaced in 1993 with a gold covering.<ref> [http://www.greatdreams.com/sacred/rev-19.htm Will the Third Temple be Built in Jerusalem?]</ref>
The dome was built shortly thereafter, first in a primitive, wooden state from 687 to 691 by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān as a placeholder, and in its final spectacular version somewhat later. It suffered from earthquakes in 746, 1033, and 1927. This shrine was covered by a lead dome from 691 until it was replaced with a gold-colored covering in 1965. Because of rust, the anodized aluminum cover was again replaced in 1993 with a gold covering.<ref> [http://www.greatdreams.com/sacred/rev-19.htm Will the Third Temple be Built in Jerusalem?]</ref>
File:Dome of the Rock Jerusalem.jpg
File:Dome of the Rock Jerusalem.jpg
File:Dome of the Rock. .jpg
File:Dome of the Rock. .jpg
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*[http://sites.google.com/a/ithaca.edu/jerusalem-fall-2009/Home/islamic-jerusalem/dome-of-the-chain Dome of the Chain.]
*[http://sites.google.com/a/ithaca.edu/jerusalem-fall-2009/Home/islamic-jerusalem/dome-of-the-chain Dome of the Chain.]
[[Category:Islam]]
[[Category:Islam]]