Changes

The arrival of [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] in 1985 started a slow revolution. The [[Chernobyl]] nuclear accident in 1986 undercut trust in Moscow. "Glasnost" permitted Ukrainian intellectuals to discuss the "blank spots" in their history, and growing political liberalization led to the reemergence of dissident groups and the emergence of nationally minded cultural organizations. A major turning point occurred in late 1989, with the founding of Rukh and the removal of Shcherbytsky from power.

The arrival of [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] in 1985 started a slow revolution. The [[Chernobyl]] nuclear accident in 1986 undercut trust in Moscow. "Glasnost" permitted Ukrainian intellectuals to discuss the "blank spots" in their history, and growing political liberalization led to the reemergence of dissident groups and the emergence of nationally minded cultural organizations. A major turning point occurred in late 1989, with the founding of Rukh and the removal of Shcherbytsky from power.

===Independence, 1991-  ===

===Dissolution of the Soviet Union: 1991===

[[File:Ukrainian contractors in Afghanistan.PNG|right|300px|thumb|Ukrainian contractors serving with the ISAF in the [[Afghan war]]. The [[Biden regime]] abandoned them in [[Afghanistan]] in August 2021, along with contractors from Bulgaria, Romania, and the Georgian Republic.  The Russian Federation evacuated them.<ref>https://www.brighteon.com/200d714d-92c4-445e-b42e-a67fab991fd3</ref>]]

[[File:Ukrainian contractors in Afghanistan.PNG|right|300px|thumb|Ukrainian contractors serving with the ISAF in the [[Afghan war]]. The [[Biden regime]] abandoned them in [[Afghanistan]] in August 2021, along with contractors from Bulgaria, Romania, and the Georgian Republic.  The Russian Federation evacuated them.<ref>https://www.brighteon.com/200d714d-92c4-445e-b42e-a67fab991fd3</ref>]]

In 1990 [[Leonid Kravchuk]], formerly in charge of ideology in the CPU, was appointed chairman of the presidium of a revamped supreme soviet, one fourth of whose deputies were nationalists and "democrats" elected in the semifree elections of 1990. On July 16, 1990, Ukraine proclaimed its sovereignty, an ambiguous formula that meant independence to the nationalists and autonomy to the Russian minority.  On Nov. 21, 1990, Ukraine and Russia signed a treaty recognizing each other's sovereignty and promising not to interfere in each other's affairs.

In 1990 [[Leonid Kravchuk]], formerly in charge of ideology in the CPU, was appointed chairman of the presidium of a revamped supreme soviet, one fourth of whose deputies were nationalists and "democrats" elected in the semifree elections of 1990. On July 16, 1990, Ukraine proclaimed its sovereignty, an ambiguous formula that meant independence to the nationalists and autonomy to the Russian minority.  On Nov. 21, 1990, Ukraine and Russia signed a treaty recognizing each other's sovereignty and promising not to interfere in each other's affairs.