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3 of the pilots who were shot down - Nazi Germans
 
3 of the pilots who were shot down - Nazi Germans
 
From Haifa its announced: It was learned that three of the five Egyptian pilots who were shot down on Saturday in the Haifa area are neither Egyptians nor Arabs.  They are believed to be Nazi Germans.</font></blockquote></ref>
 
From Haifa its announced: It was learned that three of the five Egyptian pilots who were shot down on Saturday in the Haifa area are neither Egyptians nor Arabs.  They are believed to be Nazi Germans.</font></blockquote></ref>
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- On Jan 1, 1948:<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1948/01/02/01/article/10/,l Haganah Kills Two Nazis], ''Palestine Post'', January 2, 1948.
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<blockquote>
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Palestine Post Statf
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Two Germans, one of them known to be a member of the Nazi Party, were killed by the Haganah in Jerusalem yesterday, Jewish sources said last night. One of them was said to have been in touch with Arab terror bands and to have been an informer...
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The same sources reported that the attentats of the Arab villages of Jabaliya and Tel er-Rish to form peace pacts with their Jewish neighbours at Holon had been stopped by the Arab Higher Executive, which had also ordered the removal of posters in Arabic in Tulkarm condemning the attacks on trains.</blockquote>
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- January 1948: <ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1948/01/06/01/article/46 The Palestine Post⁩, 6 January 1948⁩],
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NAZI EXPERTS TRAINING ARAB COMBAT UNITS.</ref><blockquote>
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Nazi Experts Training Arab Combat Units.
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About 15 Germans who were smuggled into Palestine from Egypt by the Arab Higher Executive are training Arab combat units, according to Arab sources quoted by Haboker.
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Some of them are experts in explosives , it is reported, and were selected for that reason from prisoner-of-war camps in Egypt . Contact with them was established by Arabs who servyed in Germany during the war.</blockquote></ref>
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- On Jan 8, 1948, a Ukrainian Polish Nazi, Vladislav Zhidek, A.K.A. Michael Kliszczuk, was eliminated:<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1948/01/09/01/article/44 Palestine Post⁩, 9 January 1948⁩.<blockquote>
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UKRAINIAN SHOT DEAD IN CAFE
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Palestine Fost Staff
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A 37-year-old Ukrainian Pole Vladislav Zhidek, was shot dead While he was sitting in the Sichel Cafe in Ben Yehuda Road in Jerusalem about 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon. When a Red Shield ambulance arrived, the crew found Zhidek had been killed by a number of bullets in the head. He was attacked by one of two young men who walked into the cafe, fired a revolver at point-blank range and then left. A girl who was reported to be sitting with Zhidek was unhurt.
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Zhidek was also known as Michael Kliszczuk. Pictures found in his pockets showed him with other men near a Gestapo building decorated with swastikas. Later, it was learned that he had been shot by the Stern gang.
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A former SS Sturmbann-fuhrer, he had also been a high-ranking official in one of the districts of German-occupied Poland. He came to Palestine in 1941 and was arrested as a Nazi spy and was sent to Mezra, Latrun and, then Wilhelmina .
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He was reportedly in contact with Arab gangs and was due to go to Syria to train Arabs. He had been employed for some time at Allenby Barracks. It was officially reported that no witnesses to the shooting had come forward.</blockquote>
       
- Jan, 1948, two Nazi escapees, sentenced and executed as Mufti agents<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/bbh/1948/01/23/01/article/28/ B'nai B'rith Messenger, 23 January 1948], "KILL TWO NAZI AIDES".</ref><blockquote>
 
- Jan, 1948, two Nazi escapees, sentenced and executed as Mufti agents<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/bbh/1948/01/23/01/article/28/ B'nai B'rith Messenger, 23 January 1948], "KILL TWO NAZI AIDES".</ref><blockquote>
 
JERUSALEM (Palcor) . — Two escaped Nazi prisoners of war, one of them a former Wehrmacht officer and the other a Volksdeutsch Pole (a Pole of German descent) were executed by Haganah, Jewish defense force, in Jerusalem yesterday after they were found in possession of documents implicating them with the Mufti-controlled Palestine Arab Higher Committee. The two Nazis, wearing civilian clothes, were arrested by Haganah seouts. They were interrogated and carefully searched before being sentenced and executed as Mufti agents. Government authorities later identified them as escapees from a PW camp near Cairo.</blockquote>
 
JERUSALEM (Palcor) . — Two escaped Nazi prisoners of war, one of them a former Wehrmacht officer and the other a Volksdeutsch Pole (a Pole of German descent) were executed by Haganah, Jewish defense force, in Jerusalem yesterday after they were found in possession of documents implicating them with the Mufti-controlled Palestine Arab Higher Committee. The two Nazis, wearing civilian clothes, were arrested by Haganah seouts. They were interrogated and carefully searched before being sentenced and executed as Mufti agents. Government authorities later identified them as escapees from a PW camp near Cairo.</blockquote>
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- Reported in February 1948, how Arab Agents are recruiting Pro-nazi refugees in Italy to fight against Jews:<ref>[https://www.jta.org/archive/arab-agents-recruiting-pro-nazi-refugees-in-italy-to-fight-against-jews-in-palestine Arab Agents Recruiting Pro-nazi Refugees in Italy to Fight Against Jews in Palestine], ''JTA'', February 22, 1948. [http://pdfs.jta.org/1948/1948-02-10_034.pdf].<blockquote>
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Feb. 20. (JTA) --
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Arab agents are today recruiting mercenaries to fight against the Jews in Palestine from among the Yugoslav Ustashi and Chetniks and the Ukrainians, Albanians, Circassians (former inhabitants of the northwestern area of the Caucasus) and other groups here who were on Hitler’s side during the war, and are now under the care of the International Refugee Organization.
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Able-bodied men, both inside and outside the I.R.O. camps, who are between 22 and 32 years of age, and who accept the Arab terms of payment–their fares to the middle East and maintenance of their families in exchange for their pledge to serve in the Arab forces for at least one year–are being given visas by the governments of Egypt, Syria and Transjordan. Where the mercenaries are of Moslem origin they are being officially "resettled" by formal negotiations between the governments concerned and the I.R.0. which, however, disclaims any knowledge of what use the individuals are put to on arriving in the Middle East.</blockquote>
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- February 22, 1948:
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''International News Service'' correspondent Kenneth Dixon wrote, how he witnessed evidence of the Palmach from papers on captured Nazis as well as German-style fighting techniques from Arab soldiers.<ref>Nazi Officers Leading Arabs Against Jewry, Reporter Says," ''International News Service'', February 25. 1948. [http://www.listyznaszegosadu.pl/upload/article/bild/8089/974327/The_Daily_Courier_1948_02_25_Page_14_s.jpg].
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<blockquote>
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Nazi Officers Leading Arabs Against Jewry, Reporter Says.
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(Kenneth Dixon, famous war correspondent, describes in the following exclusive International News Service story from Palestine, how Nazi officers have turned up in the Holy Land, where they are lead Arabs in their fight against the Jews. The account is based on official Jewish documents and Dixon's own impressions after a secret visit to a Jewish border outposts).
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by Kenneth Dixon
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I.N.S. Staff Correspondent ...1948.
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TEL Aviv, Feb. 25 - Jewish intelligence are claiming that former Nazi officers are training and leading Arabs in their war against Palestine Jewry.
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These officers told me that they had captured former Wehrmacht officers and that once again Jews are being forced to to fight Nazis in the struggle for existence.
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This war correspondent was visibly impressed too.
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During a secret trip to a lonely Jewish frontier post, I watched in amazement as Arabs deployed and attacked in a manner highly reminicent of German assaults I witnessed in Europe in World War II.
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But there is additional proof:
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Documentary evidence, provided in papers, taken from the bodies of former German soldiers, slain by Haganah fighters, backs up the Jewish claim.
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The Jewish officers I spoke to said that anywhere from 40[0?] to 500 German soldiers are serving with the Arabs.
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The Nazis are believed to have come mainly from North Africa after the defeat of Rommel's Afrika Corps. Others are said to have infiltrated into the Holy Land after V-E Day.
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The Jews say that some of these Germans may have been close associates of the Grand Mufti, the Arab spiritual leader who was extremely friendly with Adolf Hitler.
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Many of the Germans, the Jews told me, "very conveniently" managed to escape prisoner of war camps in the Middle East. 
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Together with estimated 1,500 "volunteers" who have crossed into Palestine from neighboring Arab countries, the Germans are said to be awaiting the surrender of the British  mandate next May, at which time they will start their all-out attack.
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Some of the Germans, the Jews claim, they captured still bear tattoo marks of the Nazi 'SS' - the dread Nazi elite guards.
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My visits to the Jewish border outpost was made in a company of members of Palmach, the shock troops of the Haganah, Jewish defense army.
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The Arabs made several attacks during the night. One large force directed their assault at the position I visited.
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I observed that they did not employ skirmishing tactics usually associated with Arab soldiers, but engaged the Jews in a high concentrated and coordinated actions.
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During a lull in the fighting, I turned to a young Haganah leader and said:
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- "They fight almost like the Germans."
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He laughed and replied:
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- "They should. They were trained by the Germans and are probably being led by Germans tonight."
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Shortly thereafter, the Palmach fighters met the Arabs head-on in another sector. The Jewish leaders reported they distinctly heard orders being shouted in German - "achtung" (attention) and "schwein" (swine).
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In Tel Aviv a few days ago, an Arab taxi driver noticed my blond, close-cropped hair and asked, "Are you German?"
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When I said no, he grinned, shrugged in disbelief  and said it would be alright if I were German.
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Responsible Haganah officers, who earned innumerable decorations fighting with the Jewish Brigade in the British Army in North Africa and Italy, have cited seversl incidents of finding German army papers on captured Wehrmacht veterans.
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There is a difference of opinion among the Jews, however, as to whether the British are involved in the alleged infiltration of the Germans.
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Older Haganah leaders say the British could do nothing about the situation even if they knew about it. but the younger Palmach men insist the British are aiding the Germans.
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All are in agreement that the quality of the Arab fighting has improved tremendously wherever ex-Wehrmacht officers are known to be operating.
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The Palmach Patrol Commander said:
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"Even one experienced officer can improve the fighting tactics of thousands of men in a short while."
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But far worse than the immediate presence of Germans in the Holy Land, the Jews say, are the future dangers.
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The Jews fear that the hopes of a future peace between themselves and the Arabs will be greatly lessoned by the growing number of Nazis in Palestine.
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The seeds of the brutal Nazi ideology that once almost succeeded in destroying them, the Jews assert, are being sown in the land where its survivors sought refuge.</blockquote></ref>
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It was assumed that Nazi officers had arrived in the area after the crash of Nazi Germany.  As the struggle for the road and its surroundings intensified, the British evacuated the villagers to the Arab city of Ramla during April.</blockquote>
 
It was assumed that Nazi officers had arrived in the area after the crash of Nazi Germany.  As the struggle for the road and its surroundings intensified, the British evacuated the villagers to the Arab city of Ramla during April.</blockquote>
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- In April 1948, Saadie Basbusi (Basbousi بسبوسي), formerly employed at the Mufti's
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al-Jami'a al-Islamiyya⁩ - ⁨الجامعة الاسلامية, former announcer on the Nazi "Free Arab broadcasting station" in Athens, is broadcasting for the 'Liberation Army's' secret transmitter in Palestine, according to "Ad-Difa'a."<ref>"Nazi Announcer for Arab Radio," ''JTA'', April 1, 1948. [https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ8kEpj9KLfr5uWPHH03L1Q5mm6boXHVZehdF-Byoje8VJMvs6Ag2Uqf5sWyGANHcvI8wu1N_RcIY5DB7hPvYCYrIeK9stliNiGK14FYH5ArVjK4q5YCBknPcsgRvW022Suz0ca_eDjR3db4UYSgs16xkRyfVeLLUcwcxWygGFciM_-0c8pqU/w277-h366/nazi45c.jpg].<blockquote><small>A former Announcer on the Nazi "Free Arab broadcasting station" in Athens during the German occupation is now broadcasting for the 'Liberation Army's' secret transmitter in Palestine, according to "Ad-Difa'a." He is Saadie Basbusi.
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The station is directed by Ali Naser Ed-Din, a Syrian nationalist who was once employed by the now defunct Husseini paper "El Jamieh el Islamieh" (Moslem Unity).
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Basbusi is the chief announcer.</small></blockquote></ref><blockquote>A former Announcer on the Nazi "Free Arab broadcasting station" in Athens during the German occupation 8s now broadcasting for the 'Liberation Army's' secret transmitter in Palestine, according to "Ad-Difa'a." He is Saadie Basbusi.
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The station is directed by Ali Naser Ed-Din, a Syrian nationalist who was once employ the now defunct Husseini paper "El Jamieh el Islamieh" (Moslem Unity).
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Basbusi is the chief announcer.</blockquote>
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They are former members of the Bosnia troops who were organised during the war by the Chairman of the Arab Higher Committee to fight for the Nazis in lhe Balkans.</blockquote>
 
They are former members of the Bosnia troops who were organised during the war by the Chairman of the Arab Higher Committee to fight for the Nazis in lhe Balkans.</blockquote>
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- July 1948 report:<ref>[https://www.jta.org/archive/former-moslem-members-of-s-s-division-recruited-by-egypt-for-fighting-in-palestine Former Moslem Members of S.S. Division Recruited by Egypt for Fighting in Palestine], ''JTA'', July 28, 1948.  [http://pdfs.jta.org/1948/1948-07-28_173.pdf]
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<blockquote>
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Several hundred former members of the Nazi Prinz Eugen SS Division, recruited by Egyptian authorities in Austria as farm workers, immediately upon their arrival in Egypt Joined the Arab Legion of Transjordan and departed for the Palestine front to fight against the Jews, the Socialist newspaper Well Am Abend reported today.
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The newspaper charged that Dr. Ismail Hassan, Egyptian representative in Austria, toured the U.S. zone several weeks ago and succeeded in obtaining exit visas for the several hundred, most of whom were Bosnian Moslems and held the rank of major to the Prinz Eugen Division. The disclosure of the identity of the men followed the capture of several of them by the Israeli forces, Welt Am Abend stated.</blockquote>
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- In September 1948, it was reported:<ref>"Nazis Recruited for Arab Forces,'
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''JTA'',  September 5, 1948. [https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjk7htclCB1L77Ps_s3GyUClLqI5ji0bt_-savmn6VHgWYr9XLdkLKFsoaAd5A21MwDu8Iezyjy1FzHfwWaqBsBo2rkxAEUTrrmnyr3IGfjyDkaKKEUyLH_ujMao4SnGmWBZoXP6Zk_ygcpiJYy_yMhjeTw9Lw7FFSB-VJ4niIYQEyJ6f8E3Nk/w273-h591/nazi48d.jpg].<blockquote><small>
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Nazis Recruited for Arab Forces
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Former members of Nazi Storm Troop units are being recruited for the Arab forces, according to reports in the American zone in Austria, from detention camps in the Hungarian press quoted by the Communist Kol Ha'am.
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Three youths arrested while trying to cross the Austrian border into Hungary told the Budapest police that at their camp, No. 318, groups were being allowed to leave after signing  undertaking that they would leave to Palestine to join the Arabs. They wwee also given rifle instruction in the hills near the camp.
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The three youths said they had been induced to sign such an undertaking by two Hungarian officers, Col. Arno Zabosh and Captain Ziga Yozef. They left their group as it was about to leave for Palestine, they said.</small></blockquote></ref>
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<blockquote>
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Former members of Nazi Storm Troop units --from detention camps-- are being recruited for the Arab forces, according to reports in the American zone in Austria,  in the Hungarian press...
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Three youths arrested while trying to cross the Austrian border into Hungary told the Budapest police that at their camp, No. 318, groups were being allowed to leave after signing  undertaking that they would leave to Palestine to join the Arabs. They wwee also given rifle instruction in the hills near the camp.
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The three youths said they had been induced to sign such an undertaking by two Hungarian officers, Col. Arno Zabosh and Captain Ziga Yozef. They left their group as it was about to leave for Palestine, they said.</blockquote>
     
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