Changes

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

Contradictory to this, there are many extra-biblical sources that verify events happening in the [[Bible]].

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/UPI-21171262997765/</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

For a long time, many scholars claimed that the Old Testament ([[Torah]]) could not have been written before the 6th century due in part to a lack of liturgical possibility from the Canaanite population [[B.C.]], but archaeological discoveries in Khirbet Qeiyafa found proto-[[Hebrew]] writing dated to the 10th century, a good 400 years before the [[Genesis authorship|claimed human authorship]] of the Torah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bible may be centuries older than thought - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2010/01/08/Bible-may-be-centuries-older-than-thought/21171262997765/ |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Many sources, in fact, support the argument that the Old Testament is much older due to the historical context in which it seems to have been written in.

== Genesis ==

== Genesis ==

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account</ref>

*The [[Sumerian King List]], discovered in 1922, provides Eridu (patron god, Enki) as the first city to be built in Mesopotamia. This lines up quite well with [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8168/jewish/Chapter-4.htm#v17 [Genesis 4:16<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'s depiction of the first city as one built by Enoch or his father, and where Enoch begot Erad. In this case, Erad is the namesake of Eridu and Enki is a characterization of Enoch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=Eridu, the Bible’s ‘First City’ and the Family of Cain: Archaeological Parallels to the Biblical Account |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/886-eridu-the-bibles-first-city-and-the-family-of-cain-archaeological-parallels-to-the-biblical-account |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.

*That same list of Kings provides a list of rulers that are divided between before and after a [[great flood]]. This flood matches up with the account of the flood of Noah.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SUMERIAN KING LIST |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/sumerian-king-list |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.ashmolean.org |language=en}}</ref>[https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8170/jewish/Chapter-7.htm#v7 [Genesis 7:7<nowiki>]</nowiki>] The oldest known copy of the list is dated to the late 21st century B.C.

*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah?utm_source=ActiveCampaign&utm_medium=email&utm_content=The++Ogdoad++of+Ancient+Egypt-the+Family+of+Noah%3F&utm_campaign=AIBA_Monday%2C+June+12%2C+2023+-&vgo_ee=lMNHonhS4vqzFUnzNIGHtqxmSxWCVpxKb5z6H8gNlpgwXRQnAubSEA%3D%3D%3AXT4HsDsuWo0pFjdKZEHI5GjKAQ23cMvf</ref>

*In addition to a Mesopotamian source, the Ancient Egyptian 'Ogdoad' shares a near-identical story to the Great Flood, sharing suspiciously similar aspects in any regard. An old Egyptian creation myth based off the Ogdoad states that humans were created by the god Nu (Noah) and 7 of his relatives. It is dated to the 2nd millenium, B.C.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eames |first=Christopher |title=The ‘Ogdoad’ of Ancient Egypt—the Family of Noah? |url=https://armstronginstitute.org/915-the-ogdoad-of-ancient-egypt-the-family-of-noah |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=ArmstrongInstitute.org |language=en}}</ref>

*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology</ref>

*The city of [[Ur]], referenced as the birthplace of Abraham [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8175/jewish/Chapter-11.htm [Genesis 11:28<nowiki>]</nowiki>], was discovered in the 19th and 20th centuries by excavators and archaeologists in Southern Iraq. The mention of Ur is chronologically set nearly 4000 years before it was discovered.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=City of Biblical Abraham Brimmed With Trade and Riches |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/article/160311-ur-iraq-trade-royal-cemetery-woolley-archaeology |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=Adventure |language=en}}</ref>

*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics</ref>

*The genetic bottleneck that is the flood of [[Noah's Ark]] matches up surprisingly well with modern genetic research that shows that female lineages have more chromosomal diversity than male lines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Noah and Genetics |url=https://creation.com/noah-and-genetics |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=creation.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>

*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]  

*The reference to the Battle of Siddim matches up with many patriarchal conditions of the era including king lists and political climate<ref>https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2021/07/16/top-ten-discoveries-related-to-abraham/</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v10 [Genesis 14:10<nowiki>]</nowiki>]  

*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]

*The following includes such historical figures such as Amraphel, King of Elam, who (although used to be attributed to Hammurabi) is now attributed to Amar-Sin, an older historical figure from the 2nd Millenium B.C., who does posses archaeological evidence of existence.<ref>https://amazingbibletimeline.com/blog/amraphael-or-amraphel/</ref> [https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/8209/jewish/Chapter-14.htm#v1 [Genesis 14:1<nowiki>]</nowiki>]