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Nazism at Arab Palestinians (view source)
Revision as of 04:36, August 20, 2023
, 04:36, August 20, 2023→Nazi era
The Arabs cried, "The government is with us," thinking that the British restrictions on Jewish immigration meant they favored the Arabs. Nazi-inspired slogans were shouted in the streets: "Heil Hitler" and "The J... are a gang of swindlers, a menace to all mankind."
The Arabs cried, "The government is with us," thinking that the British restrictions on Jewish immigration meant they favored the Arabs. Nazi-inspired slogans were shouted in the streets: "Heil Hitler" and "The J... are a gang of swindlers, a menace to all mankind."
Pictures of Hitler were placed in the windows of Arab shops, and phonographs blared "Kill the Jews!"</blockquote>
Pictures of Hitler were placed in the windows of Arab shops, and phonographs blared "Kill the Jews!"</blockquote>
And March / April:<ref>Fineman, Irving. Woman of Valor: The Life of Henrietta Szold, 1860-1945. United States: Simon and Schuster, 1961. [https://books.google.com/books?redir_esc=y&id=oWo9AAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22Brown-clad%22 p. 382].</ref><blockquote>Arab terrorist organizations paraded; brown-clad "storm troopers" marched, shouting "Heil Hitler!" Late in March there was a meeting of influential Arabs in Safed to plan the uprising. Fifteen days before this openly ignited bomb burst, the Revisionist leader Jabotinsky tried to warn the High Commissioner, who treated his warning contemptuously...</blockquote>
Reported in 1936:<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jftIAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA5 The Meriden Daily Journal, Oct 10, 1936 (p. 9)].<blockquote><small>
Chasing Arabs To Give 16,000 British Troops
In Palestine Busy Winter
Invading Hideouts
By Milton Bronner
... The world beheld a Jewish activity that astounded it — men and women going back to the land, draining marshes, irrigating dry. plains, plains, ains, planting trees on bare hill-sides, making the land to blossom with the orange, the olive and rich ripe grain. The Arab majority In Palestine viewed all this with hostile eyes...
There have bwn periodic outbreaks in which lives have been lost. But the worst one of all broke out some months ago and has continued with increasing violence.
It has been charged that German Nazi agitators with their anti-Semitic itic ic propaganda have been at work among the Arabs...
The lawless bands have been organized by a Syrian. Fawzi Koukdjl. who so far has been able to supply his followers with ample arms and munitions.
To chase his men to their many mountain lairs, to run down where they conceal their extra arms supplies, to find and arrest Fawzi and his lieutenants is going to give the 16,000 Tommies, who will ultimately be in Palestine, a very busy autumn and winter.</small></blockquote></ref> "It has been charged that German Nazi agitators with their anti-Semitic propaganda have been at work among the Arabs."
The fascist government maintains at Bari, in the boot of Italy, a broadcasting station from which for many months a constant stream of anti-British propaganda has been issued in Arabic...</small></blockquote></ref> "at Bari, in the boot of Italy, a broadcasting station from which for many months a constant stream of anti-British propaganda has been issued in Arabic."
The fascist government maintains at Bari, in the boot of Italy, a broadcasting station from which for many months a constant stream of anti-British propaganda has been issued in Arabic...</small></blockquote></ref> "at Bari, in the boot of Italy, a broadcasting station from which for many months a constant stream of anti-British propaganda has been issued in Arabic."
Reported in 1937, "purely nationalist contention, based not on present realities,"<ref name=nmn-1937>The National Jewish Monthly. (Vols. 51-52). (1937). United States: B'nai B'rith., [https://books.google.com/books?id=LZkjAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Hitler%20is%20for%20many%20of%20them%20the%20glorious%20hero%20and%20teacher%20.%20There%20is%20no%20doubt%20that%20Arab%20op-%20position%20to%22 p. 186].<ref><blockquote>
It is used mainly by the leaders of the Arab youth who seem to be more extreme in their nationalism than the older generation. Educated in schools which are, in spite of government ownership, hotbeds of chauvinism and anti-Jewish propaganda, these youths are also greatly influenced by fascist and anti- Semitic tendencies in present-day Europe. Hitler is for many of them the glorious hero and teacher.
There is no doubt that Arab opposition to Jewish colonization is being strongly encouraged and in many cases organized by outside interests ...
A still more active part in the recent disturbances in Palestine was taken by the Italians who, according to reliable information even helped to organize the last campaign of sabotage and actual rebellion. Not only was anti-Zionist propaganda broadcast in Arabic speeches from the powerful Italian radio station at Bari, but there are reliable reports that considerable sums of money spent by Arab leaders to finance their recent political strike mostly came from Italian sources.</blockquote>
DR . IMAM.
DR . IMAM.
[These documents were also sent to the War Ministry and to the Dienststelle Ribbentrop.]</blockquote></ref>
[These documents were also sent to the War Ministry and to the Dienststelle Ribbentrop.]</blockquote></ref><ref>Neubert, Friedrich Paul Harald. Die deutsche Politik im Palästina-Konflikt 1937/38. Germany: Dr. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, 1977, pp. 105-[https://books.google.com/books?id=TqMDAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Arabischer%20Club%22 106].
<blockquote><small>Im Auswärtigen Amt wurde der Anregung Jussuf Jassins, Deutschland sollte die Bemühungen der arabischen Staaten in einer den arabischen Interessen entsprechenden Lösung der Palästinafrage mit diplomatischen Mitteln unterstützen, keine besondere Auf-merksamkeit zuteil.
Hentig notierte zu dem Bericht Grobbas vom 9. November 1937, daß der Anregung des deutschen Gesandten, Deutschland möge seine Haltung in der Teilungsfrage von der Haltung der arabischen Staaten abhängig machen, vorerst nicht gefolgt werden könne.
Mit der Flucht des Mufti von Jerusalem, Husseini, nach Syrien hatte sich die Führung der Unabhängigkeitsbewegung der Palästinaaraber stärker nach dem französischen Mandatsgebiet verlagert. Husseini suchte im November 1937, ungeachtet des bisher nur geringen Erfolges seiner Bemühungen um ein stärkeres deutsches Engagement in Palästina, die Fäden nach Berlin neu zu knüpfen.
In seinem Auftrag reiste im November 1937 der in Damaskus lebende arabische Nationalist Said Abd el-Fattah Imam nach Deutschland, um den deutschen zuständigen Behörden ein weitgespanntes Programm einer deutsch - arabischen Zusammenar- beit vorzutragen und um Unterstützung für die Sache der Araber in Palästina zu bitten.
Hinter Imam standen nach seiner Angabe außer dem Mufti von Jerusalem auch ein Arabischer Club, als dessen Leiter sich Imam bezeichnete, und der Verwaltungsrat des nationalen Propaganda- und Aufklärungsbüros, der wie der Club seine Sitz in Danaskus hatte.
Said Imam legte in einem Schreiben vom 24. November 1937, gerichtet an den Leiter des Referates VII 4 (Islamwelt) im Reichspropagandaministerium, Knothe, seine Bitte um Gewährung einer Unterredung dar. Aus dem Brief geht hervor, daß Imam bereits zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt, dessen genaues Datum nicht bekannt ist, eine Be-sprechung mit Knothe gehabt haben muß, über deren Inhalt und Ergebnis wir aber nicht unterrichtet sind.
[In the Foreign Office, Yussuf Yassin's suggestion that Germany should use diplomatic means to support the efforts of the Arab states to find a solution to the Palestinian question that corresponds to Arab interests received no particular attention.
Regarding Grobba's report of November 9, 1937, Hentig noted that the German envoy's suggestion that Germany should make its position on the partition question dependent on the position of the Arab states could not be followed for the time being.
With the flight of the mufti of Jerusalem, Husseini, to Syria, the leadership of the Palestinian Arab independence movement had shifted more to the French mandate. In November 1937, Husseini tried to tie the threads to Berlin again, despite the little success of his efforts so far to increase German involvement in Palestine.
On his behalf, the Arab nationalist Said Abd el-Fattah Imam, who was living in Damascus, traveled to Germany in November 1937 to present the responsible German authorities with a wide-ranging program of German-Arab cooperation and to ask for support for the cause of the Arabs in Palestine .
According to him, in addition to the mufti of Jerusalem, the Imam was backed by an Arab club, which the Imam described as its leader, and the administrative board of the national propaganda and intelligence office, which, like the club, was based in Danascus.
In a letter dated November 24, 1937, Said Imam, addressed to the head of department VII 4 (Islamic world) in the Reich Ministry of Propaganda, Knothe, explained his request for an interview. The letter shows that Imam had previously, whose exact date is not known, must have had a meeting with Knothe, but we are not informed of the content and outcome of this....].</small></blockquote></ref>
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[Worth mentioning: Among the collaborators with Hitler was the Mufti, a small fish. The Norwegians had Vidkun Quisling, the Belgians had Leon Degrelle, the Dutch the Waffen-SS unit, the largest outside Germany, the Ukrainians Stepan Bandera, the Russians General Andrey Andreyevich Vlasov and Azov Battalion, and more and more (or Vichy France). Each of these names was a much more "respectable" collaborator with the Third Reich and its plans than the Mufti.<ref>Prof. Moshe Zimmerman, Globes, 25.10.2015</ref><ref>Danny Dayan of Yad Vashem, Maariv, Feb 19, 2022</ref>]</font>
[NOTE RE THE MUFTI:
Worth mentioning: Among the collaborators with Hitler was the Mufti, a small fish. The Norwegians had Vidkun Quisling, the Belgians had Leon Degrelle, the Dutch the Waffen-SS unit, the largest outside Germany, the Ukrainians Stepan Bandera, the Russians General Andrey Andreyevich Vlasov and Azov Battalion, and more and more (or Vichy France). Each of these names was a much more "respectable" collaborator with the Third Reich and its plans than the Mufti.<ref>Prof. Moshe Zimmerman, Globes, 25.10.2015</ref><ref>Danny Dayan of Yad Vashem, Maariv, Feb 19, 2022</ref>]</font>
On July 24, 1938, the ''NYT reported that 'Anti-Jewish' campaign stirs neighboring lands, moderate Arabs swayed, more terrorism expected.<ref>Joseph M. Levy, [https://www.nytimes.com/1938/07/24/archives/palestine-outlook-continues-gloomy-nazi-antijewish-campaign-stirs.html PALESTINE OUTLOOK CONTINUES GLOOMY; Nazi Anti-Jewish Campaign Stirs Neighboring Lands--Moderate Arabs Swayed REVISIONISTS ARE FACTOR Moderate Arabs Swayed - More Terrorism Expected], The ''New York Times'', July 24, 1938.<blockquote>
On July 24, 1938, the ''NYT reported that 'Anti-Jewish' campaign stirs neighboring lands, moderate Arabs swayed, more terrorism expected.<ref>Joseph M. Levy, [https://www.nytimes.com/1938/07/24/archives/palestine-outlook-continues-gloomy-nazi-antijewish-campaign-stirs.html PALESTINE OUTLOOK CONTINUES GLOOMY; Nazi Anti-Jewish Campaign Stirs Neighboring Lands--Moderate Arabs Swayed REVISIONISTS ARE FACTOR Moderate Arabs Swayed - More Terrorism Expected], The ''New York Times'', July 24, 1938.<blockquote>
The strife in Palestine continues unabated and hopes for an improvement of conditions seem scant. One need not be a confirmed pessimist to despair of a possible return to normalcy in the near future.</blockquote></ref>
The strife in Palestine continues unabated and hopes for an improvement of conditions seem scant. One need not be a confirmed pessimist to despair of a possible return to normalcy in the near future.</blockquote></ref>
<small>[In February 1938, ''Oswald Mosley, British fascist fuehrer, is extending his "domain" from Hyde Park to Jerusalem. His latest utterance is an exhortation to Arabs to "Unite, and you will reach your goal!" Sir Oswald gives it as his opinion in an interview published in Adiffa [As-Difa' (Al Difa'a)], Arab daily; that "Britain cannot hand Palestine to an alien people," promising to set things right about five years from now, when he takes over the helm of British affairs.''<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/dertog/1938/02/10/01/article/13 Der Tog - דער טאג (ניו יורק), 10 February 1938].<blockquote><small>
DISCREDITED, disrobed .. Oswald Mosley, British fascist fuehrer, is extending his "domain" from Hyde Park to Jerusalem. His latest utterance is an exhortation to Arabs to "Unite, and you will reach your goal!" Sir Oswald gives it as his opinion in an interview published in Adiffa, Arab daily; that "Britain cannot hand Palestine to an alien people," promising to set things right about five years from now, when he takes over the helm of British affairs. Proving, of course, that race hate inciters have nothing to lose and everything to gain by continuing their agitation; it takes a cataclysm to put a Jew-baiter out of business.</small></blockquote></ref>].</small>
'''Arab Club in Berlin'''
In Berlin an "Arab Club"<ref>Osterberg, Änne. Mehr als alles behüte dein Herz: Wie unsere Herzen und unser Land heilen, wenn uns die Wurzel wieder trägt. Germany: BoD – Books on Demand, 2021, [https://books.google.com/books?id=BZEsEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA356 p. 356].
<blockquote><small>
In Berlin wurde ein 'arabischer Club' als Zentrum der Palästina-Agitation und des arabischsprachigen Rundfunks etabliert. Eichmann, Baldur von Schirach, Abwehrchef Wilhelm Canaris und der Leiter des Orientreferats im Auswärtigen Amt, Werner Otto Hentig, erkundeten die Möglichkeiten, die Araber auf ihre Seite zu bekommen. Dabei bildete der Mufti die zentrale person.
Während der deutsche Nationalsozialismus sich formte und an Einfluss gewann, entstand in arabischen Ländern die politische Ideologie des Islamismus. „Die Muslimbruderschaft wurde im Jahr 1928 von Hassan al-Banna in Ägypten gegründet ...</small></blockquote></ref><ref>Israeli, Raphael. The Death Camps of Croatia: Visions and Revisions, 1941-45. United Kingdom: Transaction Publishers, 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=fA_FZYUE_IwC&pg=PA120 p. 120].</ref> <blockquote>was founded, which became a center of propaganda for Palestine and against the Jews, and later a center for the Arab and Muslim broadcasts under the Nazi regime during the entire extent of the war.</blockquote>
The "Palestinian" Darwish al-Miqdadi served as its president in 1938.<ref>Nordbruch, Götz. Nazism in Syria and Lebanon: The Ambivalence of the German Option, 1933–1945. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2009, [https://books.google.com/books?id=q6R8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA157 p. 157ff42].<blockquote><small>
Miqdādī also served as president of the Arab Club in Berlin, see Sh. Arslān, 'Une Soirée au Club Arabe de Berlin', La Nation Arabe, no. 18–19, 1938, p. 1005. For Miqdādī, who was of Palestinian origin...</small></blockquote></ref>
The 1938 Arab-Nazi <i>Palestine</i> ball at the Berlin Arab club. Reported in Aug 1938:<ref>
The 1938 Arab-Nazi <i>Palestine</i> ball at the Berlin Arab club. Reported in Aug 1938:<ref>
נשף ערבי־נאצי בברלין — ha-Tsofeh (Tel Aviv - הצפה, 3 August 1938.
נשף ערבי־נאצי בברלין — ha-Tsofeh (Tel Aviv - הצפה, 3 August 1938.
<blockquote>
[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/hzh/1938/08/03/01/article/42?&].<blockquote>
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נשף ערבי־נאצי בברלין. לונדון(פאלקור—. (
נשף ערבי־נאצי בברלין. לונדון(פאלקור—. (
סופרו הברלני של "דיילי טלגראף" מודיע כי
סופרו הברלני של "דיילי טלגראף" מודיע כי
בקלוב הערבי בברלין התקיים נשף ארצישראלי,
בקלוב הערבי בברלין התקיים נשף ארצישראלי,
שבו השתתפו מלבד העסקנים הערביים, השוהים עתה בברלין, גם כמה מראשי המפלגה הנאצית. בנאומיהם שנשאו בנשף דובר על הסולידאריות בין הגרמנים והערבים, המכוונה נגד היהודים ונגד אנגליה.
שבו השתתפו מלבד העסקנים הערביים, השוהים עתה בברלין, גם כמה מראשי המפלגה הנאצית. בנאומיהם שנשאו בנשף דובר על הסולידאריות בין הגרמנים והערבים, המכוונה נגד היהודים ונגד אנגליה.
<br>
Arab-Nazi ball in Berlin. London (Palcor.) The Berlin writer of the "Daily Telegraph" announces that a Palestine ball was held at the Arab club in Berlin, in which, in addition to the Arab activists, who are now staying in Berlin, some of the leaders of the Nazi party also participated. In their speeches at the ball, they spoke of the solidarity between the Germans and the Arabs, directed against the Jews and against England.</blockquote></ref><blockquote>
Arab-Nazi ball in Berlin. London (Palcor.) The Berlin writer of the "Daily Telegraph" announces that a Palestine ball was held at the Arab club in Berlin, in which, in addition to the Arab activists, who are now staying in Berlin, some of the leaders of the Nazi party also participated. In their speeches at the ball, they spoke of the solidarity between the Germans and the Arabs, directed against the Jews and against England.</small></blockquote></ref><blockquote>
Arab-Nazi ball in Berlin. London (Palcor.) The Berlin writer of the "Daily Telegraph" announces that a Palestine ball was held at the Arab club in Berlin, in which, in addition to the Arab activists, who are now staying in Berlin, some of the leaders of the Nazi party also participated. In their speeches at the ball, they spoke of the solidarity between the Germans and the Arabs, directed against the Jews and against England.</blockquote>
Arab-Nazi ball in Berlin. London (Palcor.) The Berlin writer of the "Daily Telegraph" announces that a Palestine ball was held at the Arab club in Berlin, in which, in addition to the Arab activists, who are now staying in Berlin, some of the leaders of the Nazi party also participated. In their speeches at the ball, they spoke of the solidarity between the Germans and the Arabs, directed against the Jews and against England.</blockquote></ref>
This was weeks before Hitler mentioned the Arabs of Palestine in his speech.
This was weeks before Hitler mentioned the Arabs of Palestine in his speech.
'''Hitler's Sep-1938 speech'''
Time. United States: Time Incorporated, 1938. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-PMeAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Jew-baiting%22%20arabs p. 32].
Time. United States: Time Incorporated, 1938. [https://books.google.com/books?id=-PMeAQAAMAAJ&q=%22Jew-baiting%22%20arabs p. 32].
<blockquote>Announced as Adolf Hitler's "honor guests" this week in Nürnberg were 100 certified Jew-baiting Arabs brought especially from Palestine and Africa...</blockquote></ref><blockquote>Announced as Adolf Hitler's "honor guests" this week in Nürnberg were 100 certified Jew-baiting Arabs brought especially from Palestine and Africa...</blockquote>
<blockquote>Announced as Adolf Hitler's "honor guests" this week in Nürnberg were 100 certified Jew-baiting Arabs brought especially from Palestine and Africa...</blockquote></ref><blockquote>Announced as Adolf Hitler's "honor guests" this week in Nürnberg were 100 certified Jew-baiting Arabs brought especially from Palestine and Africa...</blockquote>
Fawzi al-Qawuqji, receved the Arab mission.<ref>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/dav/1947/01/05/01/article/21 Davar - דבר, 5 January 1947].<blockquote><small> [פאוזי כאן -- פאוזי שם...] "Fawzi here - Fawzi there..."
... In 1938, at the Nazi Party conference in Nuremberg, Hitler was greeted by an Arab delegation headed by an Arab, with a neatly trimmed beard, wearing a turban and very polite. It was, of course, Fawzi-bei Kaukaji, who found the Germans allies in his war against the English.
And here the war broke out. Fawzi often travels between Rome and Berlin. His clear, incisive voice was heard from Bari.. broadcast stations. But in 1940 he appears again in Syria. He was seriously injured this time, during the bombing. His German friends, who took over Syria with the help of the Vichy people, made available to him a plane that they transferred to Germany for surgery.
Fawzi is not a man who sits idly by. Together with other adventurers he participates in Rashid Ali's rebellion. And once again it is up to him to accumulate boundaries and break through loopholes. After many incarnations he came to Germany again and Hitler put the Iron Cross on him.</small></blockquote></ref>
'''Arif Abd al-Raziq''' [عارف عبد الرازق], Nazi Stuermer wording in his circular letter Sep/1938, proved again Nazi hands in the "rebellion" Arab- terror.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mokxAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA21 The Montreal Gazette, 15 sept 1938].
<blockquote><small>
[Zion Arabs' Terrorists Extremes Alienate Kin in Adjacent Lands
By Joseph M. Levy (Wireless to The New York Times and The Gazette)
Jerusalem Sep 14...]
Arabs In Zion Lose Neighbors' Backing.
Reliable information just received by the writer from Syria, which is now the headquarters of the Palestine Arab rebellion, reveals that German and Italian money is subsidizing the Arab terrorism in Palestine.
It now transpires that the amount of money received by the Palestine committee in Damascus for the support of the tcrrorislic activities in the Holy Land would not cover one month's expenses, considering tho large scale of Arab terroris. All this is further proof that money from Germany and Italy is financing the Arab rebellion here.
A circular letter signed by one rebel chief, Arif Abdul Razik, which is addressed lo British forces in Palestine and written in English with the intention of creating a mutiny among British troops, is another proof that there is the German hand behind all this terrorism.
The letter has all the earmarks of Nazi influence. It is couched in familiar anti-Jewish Nazi propaganda, with striking similarity to phrases constantly seen in Der Stuermer:
"It would be tragic for the British nation to lose its tradional friendship with the Arabs for the sake of the aggressive[sic] race[sic] of parasitic [sic. Arif Abdul Razik] Jews [sic].. inhuman[sic. Arif Abdul Razik:] creature... disase," reads one paragraph of this appeal.
This circular letter, coupled with Hitler's Nuremberg reference to "defenceless Arabs in Palestine" has convinced British circles here of Germany's intention to keep up the Arab terrorism in Palestine and weaken Britain In Europe by forcing her to send troops here, thus reducing the number of British forces in Europe.
One regiment, the Eighteenth Brigade arrived in Palestine from England today, and three more regiments are following shortly, which will bring the total number of British troops here to about 10,000.</small></blockquote>
[https://www.nytimes.com/1938/09/15/archives/arab-nations-lose-zeal-on-palestine-egypt-iraq-and-syria-realize.html ARAB NATIONS LOSE ZEAL ON PALESTINE; Egypt, Iraq and Syria Realize Fallacy. of Harassing Britain at Present ITALO-GERMAN AID SEEN Subversive Letter to Troops Bears Out Suspicion of Support for Terrorists]. [https://s1.nyt.com/timesmachine/pages/1/1938/09/15/96837639_360W.png?quality=75&auto=webp&disable=upscale]. By Joseph M. Levy, wireless To the ''New York Times''. Sept. 15, 1938.<blockquote><small>
While terrorism continues unabated here and greatly increased in the south of Palestine, interest in the Palestine Arabs on the part of Iraq, Egypt and Syria is rapidly diminishing...</small></blockquote></ref>
That ''circular letter, coupled with Hitler's Nuremberg reference to "defenceless Arabs in Palestine" has convinced British circles here of Germany's intention to keep up the Arab terrorism in Palestine and weaken Britain In Europe by forcing her to send troops'' in the Holy Land.
Issa Nakhleh (who would be busy for years denying the Holocaust, working with neo Nazis 1960s-1980s) in July 1939 he defended, justified the "Arab propaganda centre in Berlin," Nazi Germany.<ref name=pls13jul1939>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1939/07/13/01/article/84 The Palestine Post, 13 July 1939]. The "Settlement" in Palestine a Triumph for the 'Axis.'</ref>
Issa Nakhleh (who would be busy for years denying the Holocaust, working with neo Nazis 1960s-1980s) in July 1939 he defended, justified the "Arab propaganda centre in Berlin," Nazi Germany.<ref name=pls13jul1939>[https://www.nli.org.il/en/newspapers/pls/1939/07/13/01/article/84 The Palestine Post, 13 July 1939]. The "Settlement" in Palestine a Triumph for the 'Axis.'</ref>
Reported in March 1939, journalist who "made an intensive study of Nazi penetration in the Near East and his disclosures of espionage activities by German agents shed light on current developments in central and southeastern Europe and cast an ominous shadow of events to come..."<ref>The Canadian Jewish Chronicle, Mar 31, 1939. (pp. 102-3). [https://books.google.com/books?id=lOFOAAAAIBAJ&pg=PA52].
<blockquote><small>
To Baghdad Again.
By Roman Slobodin (J.T.A. Staff Correspondent).
EDITOR'S NOTE:
Mr. Slobodin has made an intensive study of Nazi penetration in the Near East and his disclosures of espionage activities by German agents shed light on current developments in central and southeastern Europe and cast an ominous shadow of events to come...
Jerusalem... new.. faces in cabarets in the Near and Middle East...have turned up in the night clubs of Cairo. A feminine regiment has captured the night life of Beirut, "Paris of the Middle East."
The new girls are Nazi agents. Though of them pose Hungarians, they are all German. The most comely and clever among them have undergone an intensive course in propaganda and "information" -work at the schools for foreign agents directed by Propaganda Minister Goebbels. Their mission in the Levant is far from frivolous...
Reputedly the center of German activities among the Arabs is the comfortable Arab club in Damascus. This institution, German-supported, has important Syrian officials among its members.
There are many rumors about the secret "athletic training" that goes on in its gymnasium. A police raid at the home of a prominent member uncovered a little armory of eight rifles, twelve bayonets, four revolvers and plenty of ammunition. There could be slight doubt of the connection between this cache and Arab terrorism in neighboring Palestine. It was interesting to note that most Syrian newspapers ignored the raid. Members of the club had hurried to see the editors.
The German influence over the press, and particularly the Arabic press, throughout the Levant, is notable development of past months. It has been achieved largely by Nazi "co-ordination" of the advertising German commercial interests. The mechanism was laid bare in Egypt. The German Government notified German firms advertising in the Egyptian press that henceforth their ads were to be placed through a certain Nazi official. The influence over the press, obtained through the totalitarianized spending of advertising money was quickly evident in the flood Nazi and anti-British propaganda, and the support of extremist politicos.
The dealings with the press are a fair sample of the thorough systematization of German interests serve Nazi aims. Every German in the Levant is given his place, and registered at the Hamburg office for control of Germans abroad. According to reliable reports, every German must have official permission to anything which might affect his status or present future usefulness, such changing his residence or selling land which he owns. Those coming from Germany recently have had special training for their Nazi duties.
Those living in the East before Hitler's advent who show special aptitude are called home to take the Hamburg training course.
Agents for German products, travelling salesmen, newspaper men and students are among the most useful but bets overlooked. Anyone not fitting into the Nazi plan is summarily treated. The Syrian agent of a leading German drug house, a competent business man, was dismissed recently to be supplanted by a prominent opposition politician. There was some business justification, since the new agent might be expected to use the same rough-and-ready tactics for promoting sales that he did in politics. But this was only incidental. The real reason is fairly clear from the fact that with his help it will be possible to export German goods to Syria to be sold to pay for Nazi activities.
This is a very popular device. It serves the double purpose of avoiding a drain on Germany's slender international exchange resources and making it impossible to trace cash remittances. That is one reason why it is very difficult to trace actual German financing of, for instance, terrorists in Palestine.
Strengthening of the Nazi grip on the Arab nationalist movement is promoted by bringing Arab politicians to Germany. Hamburg now competes with Mecca as a goal for Arab pilgrimage.
One of the recent visitors to the propaganda capital was Jamal Husseini, nephew and right-hand-man of Haj Amin el Husseini, former Mufti of Jerusalem, leader of the Arab revolt in Palestine, now self-exiled in the Lebanon.
Jamal Effendi visited Hamburg for ten days and returned Beirut eminently satisfied with the results of his trip.
VYING with Beirut and Damascus a centre of Nazi propaganda is Baghdad, 600 miles across the desert, capital of the independent Arab kingdom of Iraq. From the Baghdad headquarters of the Committee for Defense of the Palestine Arabs, Arab speakers are dispatched through the length and breadth of Arabia, reciting propaganda, manufactured in Hamburg, about British oppression and ''atrocities" in Palestine and Jewish designs against Arab holy places. From here, too, a flood of literature in Arabic is distributed.
There is no room even for pretense that the expense of this campaign and the big cash contributions sent to the ex- Mufti, are raised among the populace Iraq. The country, about the size Italy, is largely desert, with a scattered population of 3,500,00 consisting almost entirely of peasants and nomad Bedouin so poor they are barely able to keep themselves alive of times. Yet this waste land has suddenly blossomed with gold for the Palestine revolt.
The truth was half- revealed through the maladroitness the Baghdad headquarters in issuing two announcements, one of the amount raised in Iraq, a few score dollars, and the other of the amount forwarded to the Mufti, several thousand.
By an unfortunate juxtaposition, these two items appeared simultaneously in different columns on the same page of an Arabic newspaper. German propagandists hi Iraq have been more successful in getting next to the Government than in Hamburg..
German propagandists in Iraq have been more successful in getting next to the Government than in Syria. In the French-mandated country, the Government is officially opposed to the Nazi-sponsored policies, and the German agents work principally, though not entirely, with the powerful and lively opposition.
But King Ghazi's administration has on occasion condoned and even espoused Nazi efforts. A striking example is the broadcasting by the powerful Baghdad Government radio of the "news" of the official German News Agency (Deutches Nazhrichten Euro). The Baghdad station was built with British money. Yet night after night it fills the ether over all Arabia with blood-curdling tales about British atrocities in Palestine that make George Creel's World War propaganda pamphlets read like bedtime stories for children.
A by-product of this Nazi achievement is that the 90,000 Jews in Iraq are in an extremely unhappy position, have already begun to feel the hand of persecution and. if events continue along their present course, the guarantees of minority rights in the Anglo-Iraq treaty recognizing the country's independence may be expected to go the way of similar pledges in Europe, and the 2,000-year-old Jewish community will be in imminent peril of a pogrom.
An apparent apathy of Great Britain is one of the anomolies of the situation, here as elsewhere in the East Iraq was formerly under British Mandate. Its army was trained by British officers and equipped with British arms. The British-controlled Iraq Petroleum Company dominates the Mosul oil fields. The Royal Air Force has the reputation of being the behind-the-scenes boss of the country would seem to be easy enough for Britain to squelch at least blatant Nazi campaigning ...
For the Nazi plans, Palestine is pivotal point, and the German organization, after long and careful preparation, is now operating sensationally there.</small></blockquote></ref><blockquote>The German influence over the press, and particularly the Arabic press, throughout the Levant, is notable development of past months. It has been achieved largely by Nazi "co-ordination" of the advertising German commercial interests.…
The dealings with the press are a fair sample of the thorough systematization of German interests serve Nazi aims. Every German in the Levant is given his place, and registered at the Hamburg office for control of Germans abroad…
This is a very popular device. It serves the double purpose of avoiding a drain on Germany's slender international exchange resources and making it impossible to trace cash remittances. That is one reason why it is very difficult to trace actual German financing of, for instance, terrorists in Palestine.
Strengthening of the Nazi grip on the Arab nationalist movement is promoted by bringing Arab politicians to Germany. Hamburg now competes with Mecca as a goal for Arab pilgrimage.
One of the recent visitors to the propaganda capital was Jamal Husseini, nephew and right-hand-man of Haj Amin el Husseini, former Mufti of Jerusalem, leader of the Arab revolt in Palestine, now self-exiled in the Lebanon.
Jamal Effendi visited Hamburg for ten days and returned Beirut eminently satisfied with the results of his trip.
VYING with Beirut and Damascus a centre of Nazi propaganda is Baghdad, 600 miles across the desert, capital of the independent Arab kingdom of Iraq. From the Baghdad headquarters of the Committee for Defense of the Palestine Arabs, Arab speakers are dispatched through the length and breadth of Arabia, reciting propaganda, manufactured in Hamburg, about British oppression and ''atrocities" in Palestine and Jewish designs against Arab holy places. From here, too, a flood of literature in Arabic is distributed.
There is no room even for pretense that the expense of this campaign and the big cash contributions sent to the ex- Mufti, are raised among the populace Iraq. The country, about the size Italy, is largely desert, with a scattered population of 3,500,00 consisting almost entirely of peasants and nomad Bedouin so poor they are barely able to keep themselves alive of times. Yet this waste land has suddenly blossomed with gold for the Palestine revolt.
The truth was half- revealed through the maladroitness the Baghdad headquarters in issuing two announcements, one of the amount raised in Iraq, a few score dollars, and the other of the amount forwarded to the Mufti, several thousand.
By an unfortunate juxtaposition, these two items appeared simultaneously in different columns on the same page of an Arabic newspaper. German propagandists hi Iraq have been more successful in getting next to the Government than in Hamburg..
German propagandists in Iraq have been more successful in getting next to the Government than in Syria. In the French-mandated country, the Government is officially opposed to the Nazi-sponsored policies, and the German agents work principally, though not entirely, with the powerful and lively opposition.
But King Ghazi's administration has on occasion condoned and even espoused Nazi efforts. A striking example is the broadcasting by the powerful Baghdad Government radio of the "news" of the official German News Agency (Deutches Nazhrichten Euro). The Baghdad station was built with British money. Yet night after night it fills the ether over all Arabia with blood-curdling tales about British atrocities in Palestine that make George Creel's World War propaganda pamphlets read like bedtime stories for children.
A by-product of this Nazi achievement is that the 90,000 Jews in Iraq are in an extremely unhappy position, have already begun to feel the hand of persecution and. if events continue along their present course, the guarantees of minority rights in the Anglo-Iraq treaty recognizing the country's independence may be expected to go the way of similar pledges in Europe, and the 2,000-year-old Jewish community will be in imminent peril of a pogrom...
For the Nazi plans, Palestine is pivotal point, and the German organization, after long and careful preparation, is now operating sensationally there.</blockquote>
Hitler's speech was repeatedly broadcast in Arabic from Berlin on Friday and yesterday. The Berlin Station also broadcast attacks in Arabic on Great Britain for alleged ill treatment of Arabs in Palestine and elsewhere.</blockquote>
Hitler's speech was repeatedly broadcast in Arabic from Berlin on Friday and yesterday. The Berlin Station also broadcast attacks in Arabic on Great Britain for alleged ill treatment of Arabs in Palestine and elsewhere.</blockquote>
Haj Amin al-Husseini, the [[Grand Mufti of Jerusalem]]<ref>[https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/hajj-amin-al-husayni-the-mufti-of-jerusalem Hajj Amin al-Husayni: The Mufti of Jerusalem] ''Holocaust Encyclopedia''</ref> (who chose to "believe" the old bloodlibel canard of ritual murder, since his youth,<ref>Dalin, David. [https://books.google.com/books?id=sSEuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT145 Icon of Evil: Hitler's Mufti and the Rise of Radical Islam], (Taylor & Francis, 2017), chapter 6.<br><i>'From his youth, al-Husseini believed in the credibility of these accusation of... ritual murder.'</i></ref><ref name=jta-21jan1942/><ref>Shaw Pyle, Markham. Fools, Drunks, and the United States: August 12 1941. N.p.: Bapton Literary Trust No 1, 2011. [https://books.google.com/books?id=zQxZAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72 72].<blockquote>The blood libel had hardly been heard of in America in 1941, certainly among Gentiles. It is only recently that newer immigrants have brought that evil belief to America, immigrants whose embrace of the blood libel descends from Hitler's engagement, and contrariwise, with the Jew-hating Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1921–1948, the Nazi ally Mohammad Amin al-Husayni, der Großmufti. In America in 1941, only a few Gentiles, most of them scholars, and the Jews, had heard of the ancient canard: for that wicked slander to have taken root, too few manure-shoveling Central European peasants of the stock whence Hitler, had come to America.</blockquote></ref> (his secretary, Mar'uf al-Dawilibi still reiterated it in 1984, at the UN.<ref>Israeli, Raphael. Poison: modern manifestations of a blood libel. United Kingdom: Lexington Books, 2002. [https://books.google.com/books?id=i8gdMNJmpvUC&pg=PA170 170].
<blockquote>Of course, who would dare reprimand the representative of Saudi Arabia? Even if he is found to have been the secretary of the Jerusalem Mufti, Haj Amin al-Husseini, who had collaborated with the Nazis during the war?</blockquote></ref>), and was directly involved in organizing the 1920 violence<ref>Brog, David. Reclaiming Israel's History: Roots, Rights, and the Struggle for Peace. United States: Simon & Schuster, 2017. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WxYbDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT114].
Haj Amin al-Husseini, the [[Grand Mufti of Jerusalem]]<ref>[https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/hajj-amin-al-husayni-the-mufti-of-jerusalem Hajj Amin al-Husayni: The Mufti of Jerusalem] ''Holocaust Encyclopedia''</ref> (who chose to "believe" the old bloodlibel canard of ritual murder, since his youth,<ref>Dalin, David. [https://books.google.com/books?id=sSEuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT145 Icon of Evil: Hitler's Mufti and the Rise of Radical Islam], (Taylor & Francis, 2017), chapter 6.<br><i>'From his youth, al-Husseini believed in the credibility of these accusation of... ritual murder.'</i></ref><ref name=jta-21jan1942/><ref>Shaw Pyle, Markham. Fools, Drunks, and the United States: August 12 1941. N.p.: Bapton Literary Trust No 1, 2011. [https://books.google.com/books?id=zQxZAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72 72].<blockquote>The blood libel had hardly been heard of in America in 1941, certainly among Gentiles. It is only recently that newer immigrants have brought that evil belief to America, immigrants whose embrace of the blood libel descends from Hitler's engagement, and contrariwise, with the Jew-hating Grand Mufti of Jerusalem from 1921–1948, the Nazi ally Mohammad Amin al-Husayni, der Großmufti. In America in 1941, only a few Gentiles, most of them scholars, and the Jews, had heard of the ancient canard: for that wicked slander to have taken root, too few manure-shoveling Central European peasants of the stock whence Hitler, had come to America.</blockquote></ref>
(his secretary, Mar'uf al-Dawilibi still reiterated it in 1984, at the UN.<ref>Israeli, Raphael. Poison: modern manifestations of a blood libel. United Kingdom: Lexington Books, 2002. [https://books.google.com/books?id=i8gdMNJmpvUC&pg=PA170 170].
<blockquote>Of course, who would dare reprimand the representative of Saudi Arabia? Even if he is found to have been the secretary of the Jerusalem Mufti, Haj Amin al-Husseini, who had collaborated with the Nazis during the war?</blockquote></ref>); admitting himself a "believer" in the "Protocols" forgery,<ref>[https://www.jta.org/archive/mufti-declaring-jews-have-no-rights-of-access-to-wailing-wall-admits-himself-believer-in-protocols Mufti, Declaring Jews Have No Rights of Access to Wailing Wall, Admits Himself Believer in Protocols], ''JTA'', December 4, 1929. [http://pdfs.jta.org/1929/1929-12-04_1531.pdf].<blockquote><small>
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, that hoary old anti-Semitic document, once the basis of Henry Ford's attacks on Jews, was brought into the hearings of the Palestine riots when the Grand Mufti, whose evidence was heard here yesterday at a private sitting of the Inquiry Commission in his own house, admitted that he was a confirmed believer in the Protocols.
William Stoker, Arab counsel, seemed surprised when Sir Boyd Merriman declared that the Protocols had long since been exposed by the "London Times" as a forgery... The Mufti himself seemed to be unaware that the Palestine Government had prohibited the circulation of the Protocols.</small></blockquote></ref>
and was directly involved in organizing the 1920 violence<ref>Brog, David. Reclaiming Israel's History: Roots, Rights, and the Struggle for Peace. United States: Simon & Schuster, 2017. [https://books.google.com/books?id=WxYbDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT114].
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
<font size=1>THE RIOTS OF 1920 AND 1921
<font size=1>THE RIOTS OF 1920 AND 1921
"הצבא המיניטורי" נתגלה כאשר הצבא האדום לקח בשבי חבר של לגיון הזרים הצרפתי לשעבר ממוצא גרמנים. הוא סיפר לשוביו שהוא הועמד לפלוגה מיוחדת שהיתה צריכה ללכת בעקבות הצבא של פון קלייסט להרי הקאוקז ולאחר מפלת הרוסים לעבור לפרס כגרעין פוליטי וצבאי של ההתקפה נגד הבריטים. מפקד האויריה ג'למי היה מומחה מזרחי וראש המטה, לויטננט קולונל מאיר שידיעותיו על המזרח לא נפלו מאלה של לורנס" — לפי השבוי הזה — שירת בתורכיה וביקר בירושלים, בגדד ואלג'יר. כל הגדוד של הפורמציה הכיל ערביים מעבר הירדן, סוריה וארץ ישראל — שכולם חיו זמן ממושך בגרמניה — אמר השבוי.</font></ref>
"הצבא המיניטורי" נתגלה כאשר הצבא האדום לקח בשבי חבר של לגיון הזרים הצרפתי לשעבר ממוצא גרמנים. הוא סיפר לשוביו שהוא הועמד לפלוגה מיוחדת שהיתה צריכה ללכת בעקבות הצבא של פון קלייסט להרי הקאוקז ולאחר מפלת הרוסים לעבור לפרס כגרעין פוליטי וצבאי של ההתקפה נגד הבריטים. מפקד האויריה ג'למי היה מומחה מזרחי וראש המטה, לויטננט קולונל מאיר שידיעותיו על המזרח לא נפלו מאלה של לורנס" — לפי השבוי הזה — שירת בתורכיה וביקר בירושלים, בגדד ואלג'יר. כל הגדוד של הפורמציה הכיל ערביים מעבר הירדן, סוריה וארץ ישראל — שכולם חיו זמן ממושך בגרמניה — אמר השבוי.</font></ref>
In 1944, Nazi propaganda material authored by the mufti was snuggled into Mandatory-Palestine in underground ways. Throughout the land, his supporters received his words with enthusiasm and a phenomenon that was evident during the years of the revolt repeated itself: the Arabs argued about the distribution of Jewish property after the victory of the Nazis; In Jerusalem and Jaffa, in Tiberias and Safed, they decided what would happen to the Jewish girls: for each one they decided their future rapist.<ref>Lebl, Zeni [Jenny], 1996. Hajj Amin and Berlin., chapter 'Sending paratroopers behind Allied lines,' [https://books.google.com/books?id=VJBtAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%D7%91%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94%22 p. 98].</ref>
* Ahmad [Shukairy] Shukeiri's testimony in his book about 1940, on all - sympathizing with the Nazis.<ref name=ek/>
* Ahmad [Shukairy] Shukeiri's testimony in his book about 1940, on all - sympathizing with the Nazis.<ref name=ek/>
* Noted in 1937,<ref name=nmn-1937/> "leaders of the Arab youth who seem to be more extreme in their nationalism than the older generation. Educated in schools which are, in spite of government ownership, hotbeds of chauvinism and anti-Jewish propaganda, these youths are also greatly influenced by fascist and anti- Semitic tendencies in present-day Europe. Hitler is for many of them the glorious hero and teacher."