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→Oppositional defiant disorder in children
This biblical view is shared by a majority of American adults<ref>https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/americans-opinions-on-spanking-vary-by-party-race-region-and-religion/ Harry Enten, FiveThirtyEight.com, Americans’ Opinions On Spanking Vary By Party, Race, Region And Religion</ref> and supported by scientific research.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-005-2340-z Larzelere and Kuhn (2007) Comparing Child Outcomes of Physical Punishment and Alternative Disciplinary Tactics: A Meta-Analysis</ref> Dr James Dobson PhD recommends that spanking should not be parents' only disciplinary tool, but that when a parent does need to correct a child's behaviour, they should spank the child firmly on the buttocks with a switch or a paddle.<ref>https://www.dobsonlibrary.com/resource/article/9e6c1b33-b341-4617-aa11-70c9744fdf11 The Dobson Digital Library - Questions and Answers about Corporal Punishment and The Strong Willed Child</ref>
This biblical view is shared by a majority of American adults<ref>https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/americans-opinions-on-spanking-vary-by-party-race-region-and-religion/ Harry Enten, FiveThirtyEight.com, Americans’ Opinions On Spanking Vary By Party, Race, Region And Religion</ref> and supported by scientific research.<ref>https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-005-2340-z Larzelere and Kuhn (2007) Comparing Child Outcomes of Physical Punishment and Alternative Disciplinary Tactics: A Meta-Analysis</ref> Dr James Dobson PhD recommends that spanking should not be parents' only disciplinary tool, but that when a parent does need to correct a child's behaviour, they should spank the child firmly on the buttocks with a switch or a paddle.<ref>https://www.dobsonlibrary.com/resource/article/9e6c1b33-b341-4617-aa11-70c9744fdf11 The Dobson Digital Library - Questions and Answers about Corporal Punishment and The Strong Willed Child</ref>
== Oppositional defiant disorder in children ==
== Oppositional defiant disorder in children ==
[[Oppositional defiant disorder]] (ODD) is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) under Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders and defined as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness".<ref>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth ed.). American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1.</ref>
According to the [[Mayo Clinic]]: "oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) includes a frequent and ongoing pattern of anger, irritability, arguing and defiance toward parents and other authority figures. ODD also includes being spiteful and seeking revenge, a behavior called vindictiveness."<ref>[https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/oppositional-defiant-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20375831 Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)], Mayo Clinic website</ref>
According to the [[Mayo Clinic]]: "oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) includes a frequent and ongoing pattern of anger, irritability, arguing and defiance toward parents and other authority figures. ODD also includes being spiteful and seeking revenge, a behavior called vindictiveness."<ref>[https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/oppositional-defiant-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20375831 Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)], Mayo Clinic website</ref>