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Line 18: − He was born on May 8, 1884 in Lamar, [[Missouri]]. He lived there as a farmer for 12 years. + − + − + + + + + + +
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'''Harry S Truman''' was the 33rd [[President]] of the [[United States]] and it was on his decision that the first [[atomic bomb]]s were dropped on the [[Japan|Japanese]] cities of [[Hiroshima]] and [[Nagasaki]].
'''Harry S Truman''' was the 33rd [[President]] of the [[United States]] and it was on his decision that the first [[atomic bomb]]s were dropped on the [[Japan|Japanese]] cities of [[Hiroshima]] and [[Nagasaki]].
Truman was born on May 8, 1884 in Lamar, [[Missouri]]. He attended public school in Independence, Missouri, graduating from high school in 1901. Following a few brief jobs in the Kansas City area, he returned to help run the family farm in Grandview.
During [[World War I]] he went to [[France]] as a captain of artillery. He became Vice President for President [[Franklin Roosevelt|Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] ("FDR") in 1944 and succeeded to the Presidency upon the death of FDR in 1945. Interestingly, Truman rarely met with Roosevelt during his tenure as Vice President <ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/ht33.html</ref>.
During [[World War I]], Truman went to [[France]] as a captain of artillery. After returning home from the war, he married Elizabeth "Bess" Wallace and opened a men's clothing store in [[Kansas City]] with a wartime friend.
He was elected [[President of the United States of America]] (USA) in 1948 as a [[Democrat]]. During his term as President, he presided over the conclusion of [[World War II]] in both [[Europe]] and [[Japan]]. Truman's decision to use nuclear weapons against the Japanese cities of [[Hiroshima]] and [[Nagasaki]] forced the unconditional Japanese surrender to conclude WWII. As a consequence, the United States canceled a planned invasion of the island nation which had been projected to cause 1,000,000 American and 10,000,000 Japanese casualties, and prevented the annexation of Japan's northern islands by the Soviet Union<ref>http://www.afsc.org/newengland/pesp/DecisionToUseABomb.htm</ref><ref>http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20050902-atom-bomb-hiroshima-nagasaki-enola.shtml</ref>. Prior to Japan's surrender, [[Nazi]] German troops and their Axis allies surrendered in Europe. Truman proclaimed his [[Truman Doctrine]] on March 12, 1947 that was intended to thwart the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republic]]'s designs of expansion in the Near East by committing American aid and troops to that region. Truman also committed troops to the Korean Peninsula in 1950 to halt a [[Communist]] invasion of [[South Korea]]. American troops were part of a coalition of member nations of the newly formed [[United Nations]] ("UN") in 1945. The USA had become a founding member of the newly established UN during Truman's presidency.
In 1922, Truman was elected a judge in the Jackson County court, where his duties were administrative rather than judicial. He earned a reputation for being honest and efficient in managing county affairs. Defeated for reelection in 1924, Truman was elected presiding judge in 1926, and reelected in 1930.
Truman won election to the [[United States Senate]] in 1934, and during World War II gained national prominence for serving as chairman of the Senate Special Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program - referred to as the "Truman Committee".<ref>http://www.trumanlibrary.org/hst-bio.htm</ref>
He became Vice President for President [[Franklin Roosevelt|Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] ("FDR") in 1944 and succeeded to the Presidency upon the death of FDR on April 12, 1945. Interestingly, Truman rarely met with Roosevelt during his tenure as Vice President <ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/ht33.html</ref>.
He was elected [[President of the United States of America]] (USA) in 1948 as a [[Democrat]]. During his term as President, he presided over the conclusion of [[World War II]] in both [[Europe]] and [[Japan]]. Truman's decision to use atomic weapons against the Japanese cities of [[Hiroshima]] and [[Nagasaki]] forced the unconditional Japanese surrender to conclude WWII. As a consequence, the United States canceled a planned invasion of the island nation which had been projected to cause 1,000,000 American and 10,000,000 Japanese casualties, and prevented the annexation of Japan's northern islands by the Soviet Union<ref>http://www.afsc.org/newengland/pesp/DecisionToUseABomb.htm</ref><ref>http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20050902-atom-bomb-hiroshima-nagasaki-enola.shtml</ref>. Prior to Japan's surrender, [[Nazi]] German troops and their Axis allies surrendered in Europe. Truman proclaimed his [[Truman Doctrine]] on March 12, 1947 that was intended to thwart the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republic]]'s designs of expansion in the Near East by committing American aid and troops to that region. Truman also committed troops to the Korean Peninsula in 1950 to halt a [[Communist]] invasion of [[South Korea]]. American troops were part of a coalition of member nations of the newly formed [[United Nations]] ("UN") in 1945. The USA had become a founding member of the newly established UN during Truman's presidency.
Truman retired from politics at the conclusion of his presidential term and died on December 26, 1972 in his Independence, Missouri home. His Presidential library is located in Independence.
Truman retired from politics at the conclusion of his presidential term and died on December 26, 1972 in his Independence, Missouri home. His Presidential library is located in Independence.