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'''Northumberland''' is a county in the North East of England. It is bound to the north by Scotland, the east by the North Sea, the south by [[County Durham]] and the south west by [[Cumberland]].

'''Northumberland''' is England's northernmost county. It is bound to the north by Scotland, the east by the North Sea, the south by [[County Durham]] and the south west by [[Cumberland]]. It forms part of the cultural regions of the Anglo-Scottish border and Northumbria.  

The county has a land area of 2,018 square miles, with a population of around 840,000 (based on the combined population of the three council areas that cover it, as of 2021). It is predominantly rural, although the south-east of the county, in which much of Northumberland's population lives, is heavily urbanised. The county town is [[Morpeth]], while the largest settlement is the city of [[Newcastle upon Tyne]]; other important towns include [[Berwick upon Tweed]], [[Alnwick]], [[Hexham]], Haltwhistle, [[North Shields]] and [[Tynemouth]].

The county has a land area of 2,018 square miles, containing over half of the landmass of North East England. It has a population of around 840,000 (based on the combined population of the three council areas that cover it, as of 2021). It is predominantly rural, especially in the north and west, where the Cheviot Hills form a natural border with Scotland. The south-east of the county, in which much of Northumberland's population lives, is heavily urbanised, containing part of the Tyneside built-up area. The county town is [[Morpeth]], while the largest settlement is the city of [[Newcastle upon Tyne]]; other important towns include [[Berwick upon Tweed]], [[Alnwick]], [[Hexham]], Haltwhistle, [[North Shields]] and [[Tynemouth]].

 

The south east of the county is predominantly urban, and contains part of the [[Tyneside]] built-up area, which is centred on Newcastle upon Tyne. The majority of the county, especially the north and west, with the Cheviot Hills straddling the border with Scotland.

Northumberland is one of the most ancient counties in England, with a distinct identity (as part of the old Anglo-Saxon kingdom of [[Northumbria]]) dating back to the mid-7th century AD. A great deal of Northumberland's history relates to the area's history as a militarised frontier, which is traceable at least to the 2nd century AD when [[Hadrian's Wall]], which crosses the southern part of Northumberland, was constructed. Other major historic sites in the county include the island of [[Lindisfarne]] or [[Holy Island]], and medieval fortresses at Bamburgh, Norham, Dunstanburgh, Alnwick, Tynemouth, Newcastle, Warkworth and elsewhere; Northumberland has over 70 castles, more than any other county in England. In Berwick, Northumberland has England's only sixteenth century walled town.

Northumberland is one of the most ancient counties in England, with a distinct identity (as part of the old Anglo-Saxon kingdom of [[Northumbria]]) dating back to the mid-7th century AD. A great deal of Northumberland's history relates to the area's history as a militarised frontier, which is traceable at least to the 2nd century AD when [[Hadrian's Wall]], which crosses the southern part of Northumberland, was constructed. Other major historic sites in the county include the island of [[Lindisfarne]] or [[Holy Island]], and medieval fortresses at Bamburgh, Norham, Dunstanburgh, Alnwick, Tynemouth, Newcastle, Warkworth and elsewhere; Northumberland has over 70 castles, more than any other county in England. In Berwick, Northumberland has England's only sixteenth century walled town.