Changes

The Socialist party, which won 2% of the 1916 vote for [[Eugene V. Debs]], blamed the war on capitalism and pledged total opposition. "A bayonet," it said, "was a weapon with a worker at each end." When war began, however half the Socialists supported it; the rest, led by Debs, became die-hard opponents.<ref> Nick Salvatore, ''Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist'' (2007) ch 9</ref>

The Socialist party, which won 2% of the 1916 vote for [[Eugene V. Debs]], blamed the war on capitalism and pledged total opposition. "A bayonet," it said, "was a weapon with a worker at each end." When war began, however half the Socialists supported it; the rest, led by Debs, became die-hard opponents.<ref> Nick Salvatore, ''Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist'' (2007) ch 9</ref>

===Pacifist churches===

===Pacifist churches===

Nationwide at all times the dominant voice was held by old-stock white Americans. The largest old-stock Protestant denominations (Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Disciples of Christ, Congregational and some Lutheran groups) loudly denounced the war at first: it was God's punishment for sin. Their moralism was aggressively focused on banishing evils (like saloons) from the face of the earth through [[Prohibition]], and if they could be shown that German militarism was a similar evil, they would throw enormous weight. Wilson, the intensely religious son of a prominent theologian, knew exactly how to harness that moralism in his attacks on the "Huns" who threatened civilization, and his calls for an almost religious crusade on behalf of peace.  If you really want to end future wars, he argued, then America must win this one and set the peace terms.<ref>John F. Piper,  ''The American Churches in World War I'' (1985)</ref>  

Nationwide at all times the dominant voice was held by old-stock white Americans. The largest old-stock Protestant denominations (Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Disciples of Christ, Congregational and some Lutheran groups) loudly denounced the war at first: it was God's punishment for sin. Their moralism was aggressively focused on banishing evils (like saloons) from the face of the earth through [[Prohibition]], and if they could be shown that German [[militarism]] was a similar evil, they would throw enormous weight. Wilson, the intensely religious son of a prominent theologian, knew exactly how to harness that moralism in his attacks on the "Huns" who threatened civilization, and his calls for an almost religious crusade on behalf of peace.  If you really want to end future wars, he argued, then America must win this one and set the peace terms.<ref>John F. Piper,  ''The American Churches in World War I'' (1985)</ref>

 

==Preparedness Movement==

==Preparedness Movement==

see [[Preparedness Movement]]

see [[Preparedness Movement]]