| − | Born into a Quaker family, Rustin had a comfortable childhood in West Chester, Pennsylvania. In the 1930s he dropped out of West Chester State College, moving to Harlem, where he sang in local clubs with African American folk artists Huddie Ledbetter and Josh White,<ref>[http://www.congressofracialequality.org/bayard-rustin.html Bayard Rustin (1910-1987): Civil Rights Leader & Political Organizer], Congress of Racial Equality</ref> a loyal Stalinist.<ref>During the [[Nazi-Soviet pact]], "White ... lent his talents ... to the Almanac Singers' anti-draft album, ''Songs for John Doe'' (May, 1941).... On June 22, 1941, Hitler invaded Soviet Russia, and the Hitler-Stalin pact-inspired anti-militarism of ''Songs for John Doe'' was forgotten." [http://www.culturalequity.org/alanlomax/ce_alanlomax_profile_josh_white.php Josh White], culturalequity.org</ref> | + | Born into a Quaker family, Rustin had a comfortable childhood in West Chester, Pennsylvania. In the 1930s he dropped out of West Chester State College, moving to Harlem, where he sang in local clubs with African American folk artists Huddie Ledbetter and Josh White,<ref>[http://www.congressofracialequality.org/bayard-rustin.html Bayard Rustin (1910-1987): Civil Rights Leader & Political Organizer], Congress of Racial Equality</ref> a loyal Stalinist.<ref>During the [[Nazi-Soviet pact]], "White ... lent his talents ... to the Almanac Singers' anti-draft album, ''Songs for John Doe'' (May, 1941).... On June 22, 1941, Hitler invaded Soviet Russia, and the Hitler-Stalin pact-inspired anti-[[militarism]] of ''Songs for John Doe'' was forgotten." [http://www.culturalequity.org/alanlomax/ce_alanlomax_profile_josh_white.php Josh White], culturalequity.org</ref> |
| | He studied at the City College of New York, which in the 1930s produced a large number of famous socialists, Trotskyites, fellow-travelers, Stalinists, and even some Soviet agents, including [[Julius Rosenberg]]. | | He studied at the City College of New York, which in the 1930s produced a large number of famous socialists, Trotskyites, fellow-travelers, Stalinists, and even some Soviet agents, including [[Julius Rosenberg]]. |