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→Life in exile (1918-1941)
Wilhelm's correspondence with Tsar Nicholas was published in 1918 as the ''Willy-Nicky Correspondence''. (The two rulers had corresponded in English.) Monarchists were disillusioned by the revelation that the kaiser had brushed aside the tsar's peace proposals. Some supporters of the four-day Kapp Putsch of 1920 were monarchists. This was the closest that Germany ever came to a serious attempt to restore the monarchy.
Wilhelm's correspondence with Tsar Nicholas was published in 1918 as the ''Willy-Nicky Correspondence''. (The two rulers had corresponded in English.) Monarchists were disillusioned by the revelation that the kaiser had brushed aside the tsar's peace proposals. Some supporters of the four-day Kapp Putsch of 1920 were monarchists. This was the closest that Germany ever came to a serious attempt to restore the monarchy.
Guests at Doorn often heard the former kaiser threaten vengeance against a wide variety of opponents.<ref>Röhl, p. 1221.</ref> When Finance Minister Matthias Erzberger was murdered in 1921, Wilhelm celebrated with champagne.<ref>Röhl, p. 1222.</ref> Erzberger had forced Bethmann's resignation as chancellor in 1917, thus ending the kaiser's political role.
Guests at Doorn often heard the former kaiser threaten [[vengeance]] against a wide variety of opponents.<ref>Röhl, p. 1221.</ref> When Finance Minister Matthias Erzberger was murdered in 1921, Wilhelm celebrated with champagne.<ref>Röhl, p. 1222.</ref> Erzberger had forced Bethmann's resignation as chancellor in 1917, thus ending the kaiser's political role.
A 1925 biography by Emil Ludwig did much to undermine Wilhelm's reputation.
A 1925 biography by Emil Ludwig did much to undermine Wilhelm's reputation.