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→Modern studies concerning the causes of homosexuality: Added content
Despite many psychological studies that indicate that the parent-child relationship, early childhood development, early homosexual experiences, and childhood abuse foster homosexuality, liberals tend to reject the environmental aspect, and favor a biological influence.<ref>David G. Myers, ''A level of explanations view'', Psychology of Christianity: four views. pp. 54-83</ref> This is then used to render homosexuals to be slaves to genes, and justified in acting it out.
Despite many psychological studies that indicate that the parent-child relationship, early childhood development, early homosexual experiences, and childhood abuse foster homosexuality, liberals tend to reject the environmental aspect, and favor a biological influence.<ref>David G. Myers, ''A level of explanations view'', Psychology of Christianity: four views. pp. 54-83</ref> This is then used to render homosexuals to be slaves to genes, and justified in acting it out.
The largest study ever conducted on the subject concluded that there is no "gay gene" capable of determining a person's sexual orientation. Genetics seems to exert some influence, but it only explains part of the phenomenon: researchers estimated that genetic factors account for between 8% and 25% of the observed differences in sexual behavior between people of the same sex.<ref>[https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aat7693 Ganna, Andrea et al. Large-scale GWAS reveals insights into the genetic architecture of same-sex sexual behavior. Science, v. 365, n. 6456, eaat7693, 2019.]</ref> However, when they analyzed the specific genetic variants they were able to identify together, they explained less than 1% of these differences and did not allow them to predict whether or not a person would exhibit homosexual behavior.<ref>[https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aay2726 Mills, Melinda C. How do genes affect same-sex behavior? Science, v. 365, n. 6456, p. 869-870, 2019.]</ref>
The study acknowledged that biological aspects may contribute to some extent, but environmental, cultural, and social factors play a determining role.<ref>[https://www.science.org/content/article/genetics-may-explain-25-same-sex-behavior-giant-analysis-reveals Kaiser, Jocelyn. Genetics may explain up to 25% of same-sex behavior, giant analysis reveals. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2019.]</ref> The authors themselves observed that the frequency with which people report sexual behaviors with people of the same sex varies over time and across different social contexts, showing that genetics does not offer an explanation. Several other studies, including those with identical twins, have reached the same conclusion.<ref>[https://www.science.org/content/article/gay-not-all-genes Balter, Michael. Gay Is Not All in the Genes: Study of thousands of twins reveals important role for environment in homosexuality. Science, June 30, 2008.]</ref> <ref>[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-008-9386-1 Långström, Niklas et al. Genetic and environmental effects on same-sex sexual behavior: A population study of twins in Sweden. Archives of Sexual Behavior, v. 39, n. 1, p. 75-80, 2010.]</ref> <ref>[https://pressbooks.umn.edu/evolutionbiology/chapter/is-sexual-orientation-influenced-by-the-environment/ Cotner, Sehoya; Wassenberg, Deena. Is sexual orientation influenced by the environment? In: The Evolution and Biology of Sex. M Libraries Publishing, 2020, chap. 12.6.]</ref> <ref>[https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/lu_law_review/vol4/iss2/5 Byrd, A. Dean. Homosexuality: Innate and Immutable? What Science Can and Cannot Say. Liberty University Law Review, v. 4, p. 479-524, 2009.]</ref> <ref>[https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/behavioral-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1574713/full Agha, Michel et al. Biological, Genetic, Neurological and Environmental Influences on Homosexuality: A Narrative Review. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, v. 19, 2025.]</ref>
==Environment and nurture==
==Environment and nurture==