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Modern international chess has a powerful, sweeping [[queen]] who was not in the original game. The long reach of bishops today was also lacking at first. Maneuvers such as castling or capturing ''en passant'' have been developed within the past few hundred years.
Modern international chess has a powerful, sweeping [[queen]] who was not in the original game. The long reach of bishops today was also lacking at first. Maneuvers such as castling or capturing ''en passant'' have been developed within the past few hundred years.
Today, chess is one of the most popular board games in the world. International competition, including world championship events, is organized by an organization called FIDE and American competition organized by the USCF (United States Chess Federation). The only American world champion was [[Bobby Fischer]]. The current world champion is Russian Vladimir Kramnik.
Today, chess is one of the most popular board games in the world. International competition, including world championship events, is organized by an organization called FIDE and American competition organized by the USCF (United States Chess Federation). The only American world champion was [[Bobby Fischer]], although [[Paul Morphy]] of [[Louisiana]] was likely the strongest player in the world in the 1850s, before a formal world champion was determined. The current world champion is Russian Vladimir Kramnik.
==Origins==
==Origins==
====Sacrificing====
====Sacrificing====
When a player intentionally allows one of his own pieces to be taken in exchange for better position, this is called '''Sacrificing'''. Often, the piece is offered in an attempt to get the players opponent to weaken his own defenses by capturing with a piece that had been in a good defensive position. [[Paul Morphy]], an [[American]] who was the strongest chess player in the world in the 1850s, was well known for his games featuring many sacrifices.
When a player intentionally allows one of his own pieces to be taken in exchange for better position, this is called '''Sacrificing'''. Often, the piece is offered in an attempt to get the players opponent to weaken his own defenses by capturing with a piece that had been in a good defensive position. Morphy was well known for his games featuring many sacrifices, as was Mikhail Tal, a Latvian who was briefly world champion in the 1960s.
==Chess Variants==
==Chess Variants==